Field growth and rubber yield of in vitro micropropagated plants of clones PR 107, IRCA 18 and RRIM 600 of Hevea brasiliensis (Muëll.-Arg.)

Abstract

Rubber cultivation has been handicapped from the outset by the impossibility of obtaining selfrooted clones or rootstock clones. The grafting of clonal buds on not selected rootstock remains at the present time the only method of propagation available for the establishment of plantations. However, this "semi-vegetative" multiplication leads to certain heterogeneity and a reduction in the production of rubber compared to that of the mother tree selected. Fields trials have been conducted in Côte d'Ivoire to assess the relative gain in strength and in rubber production due to the use of self rooted in vitro plantlets of rubber on farm in comparison with conventional mature budded clones. Experimentation was made with trees of clones PR 107, IRCA 18 and RIIM 600 obtained by somatic embryogenesis or microcutting. The results showed a gain in volume of the trunk from 9.93% to 16.83% due to the use of in vitro plantlets. A gain of dry rubber production per tree of 3.5% to 32.35% has also been recorded. The gain in girth and rubber production of in vitro plantlets has been influenced by the metabolic class and the physiological profile of the clone. In light of these results, the use of in vitro plantlet as planting material could be considered to increase the productivity of rubber plantations.

Somatic Embryogenesis as Key Technology for Shaping the Rubber Tree of the Future

“…Carron et al (1995) mentioned that of clones ‘RRIM600’ and ‘PB260,’ respectively 7, 6, and 14,9% of the explants formed shoots. Dibi et al (2010) compared self-rooted in vitro plantlets originating from integument derived somatic embryos with conventional mature budded clones. The trunk of the in vitro plants gained 9.93–16.83% and a gain of dry rubber production per tree of 3.5–32.35% was recorded.…”

“…A number of reports have confirmed that elite clones grow faster and yield more latex when growing on own roots than when budded on seedlings. (Xiongting et al, 2001; Dibi et al, 2010; Montoro et al, 2012). This stimulated the establishment of large scale comparative field trials in Ivory Coast.…”

Rubber Tree Clonal Plantations: Grafted vs Self-Rooted Plant Material

“…The procedure developed mostly for seedlings and consisting of four successive steps and different culture media remains too heavy and costly to be operational (Montoro et al, 2012). In addition to an overall lack of organogenic responsiveness (Venkatachalam et al, 2007), a too high proportion of the shoots produced in vitro die during the acclimatization process to ex-vitro conditions (Dibi et al, 2010;Masson , 2017).…”

Pengaruh periode pra-kondisi dan penutupan sungkup terhadap daya hidup planlet karet (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg) Effect of pre-condition period and vessel closure on the survival rate of rubber (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg) plantlets

“…Bibit karet yang dihasilkan melalui teknik ini memiliki perakaran yang kuat dan kokoh. Pertanaman muda karet asal bibit stek mikro menunjukkan pertumbuhan yang seragam dan memiliki bentuk konikal pada batang bagian bawah (Carron et al, 2000;Carron et al, 2003) dan mampu memproduksi lateks 5,8 -17% lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan bibit asal okulasi (Dibi et al, 2010). Adaptasi teknik stek mikro karet di daerah tropik (Nurhaimi-Haris et al, 2008) menghadapi berbagai kendala, salah satunya adalah rendahnya daya hidup planlet saat diaklimatisasi (Sumaryono et al, 2008).…”