Field-based remote sensing of intertidal epilithic chlorophyll: Techniques using specialized and conventional digital cameras

Murphy, Richard J.; Underwood, A. J.; Jackson, Angus

doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2009.09.002

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…It was not possible here to measure reliably the amounts of microalgae on oysters. We did not have calibrated estimates of relationships between measured and actual amounts of pigments and therefore amount of chlorophyll for this substratum (see Murphy et al 2008 for the nature and need of such calibrations). Note that there was a tendency for there to be more microalgal food on slabs without oysters than where oysters were present.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban structures provide new insights into interactions among grazers and habitat

Klein

Underwood

Chapman

2011

Ecological Applications

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A major challenge in ecology is to understand and predict consequences of environmental changes to biological assemblages. Urbanization and associated alteration and destruction of habitat cause profound changes in local biodiversity and the ecology of and interactions among organisms. This study tested hypotheses about interactions among intertidal species on urbanized shores to examine predictions from their known ecology. On natural shores, grazing limpets, Cellana tramoserica, outcompete the smaller limpets, Patelloida latistrigata. The latter shelter among barnacles. On seawalls in Sydney Harbour (Australia), P. latistrigata were found among and on oysters. C. tramoserica were found directly on walls where there were no oysters. To explain these observations, several models were proposed and tested by manipulative experiments in the field: (1) oysters provide habitat for P. latistrigata; (2) negative interactions with C. tramoserica cause P. latistrigata to move on and among oysters; and (3) in areas with oysters, space available for grazing is insufficient for C. tramoserica to survive well. The results showed that C. tramoserica had a negative impact on the survival of P. latistrigata, although not causing the latter to move onto oysters. The oysters directly and indirectly affected P. latistrigata. First, oysters provided habitat and increased survival of P. latistrigata. Second, oysters influenced the interaction between C. tramoserica and P. latistrigata. This "interaction modification" diminished the negative impact of C. tramoserica. The material used to construct a wall did not directly influence the distribution of the limpets. Maintaining oysters on seawalls is, however, important because of their direct and indirect effects on P. latistrigata. It was possible to predict some processes on urbanized shores from known ecology. Other processes could not be predicted, making it necessary to do experiments to understand how built structures influence biological assemblages. This research contributes to understanding how to conserve biodiversity in urban areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban structures provide new insights into interactions among grazers and habitat

Klein

Underwood

Chapman

2011

Ecological Applications

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“…Biofilm biomass was estimated by a field-based remote sensing method using digital photographs (adapted from Murphy et al 2005;Murphy & Underwood 2006;Murphy, Underwood & Jackson 2009; see Appendix S2). Ten images, each of 100 cm 2 , were haphazardly taken in the upper mesolittoral of each location in unshaded and shaded habitats.…”

Section: Primary Producersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shading impacts by coastal infrastructure on biological communities from subtropical rocky shores

Pardal

Dias

Jenkins

et al. 2016

Journal of Applied Ecology

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Summary1. Artificial shading has been highlighted as an important human disturbance, affecting both productivity and community organization. However, studies of shading have been poorly explored from an environmental impact perspective. 2. We compared community structure on subtropical rocky shores in areas shaded by human constructions with those in unshaded areas. We then implemented a manipulative field experiment to determine the effects of shading on the macrobenthic community, biofilm biomass and larval recruitment. 3. Shading consistently affected the biological community of rocky shores. The biomass and cover of macroalgae and the size of most sedentary grazers were smaller in shaded habitat. In the infralittoral fringe, we recorded a shift in dominance from macroalgae in unshaded habitats to invertebrate filter feeders in shaded ones. In a similar way, the community from the mesolittoral was also affected by shading but not at all locations. 4. Experimental manipulation of shading led to a total loss of macroalgae from the infralittoral fringe and no community replacement over a period of 220 days. In the mesolittoral, oysters became more abundant in shaded conditions, while barnacles decreased in abundance. Larval recruitment was also affected, with oysters and barnacles recruiting more in shaded habitats. 5. Synthesis and applications. We demonstrate a clear impact of shading by artificial humanmade structures on patterns and processes regulating biodiversity on rocky shores and thus consequences for coastal ecosystem functioning. We argue that shading by artificial coastal structures, such as those proposed in the port expansion in our study site in south-eastern Brazil, is potentially underestimated. Our work emphasizes the importance of careful evaluations of artificial structures in order to promote sustainable coastal development. As a result, we do not recommend the proposed expansion by suspended structures of the port of São Sebastião, as the consequent shading will negatively affect the biodiversity and ecosystem functioning of the Arac ß a Bay and surrounding areas.

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“…The following step is taken to determine the abundance of the biomass present on the bedrock area. As known, the cyanobacteria are photosynthetic organisms, rich in a-chlorophyll, which has strong absorption in red-near-infrared (NIR) bands; a strong correlation is found by NIR remote sensing photographic analysis and analytically detected biomass [57]. The key approach for a multiscale computational model for the EPS is to build or retrieve the models of substrate and EPS main constituents from online open source databases (such as RCSB.org) and run a molecular dynamics (MD) simulation to study mechanical properties of the compounds involved using VMD and LAMMPS open source software (http://www.ks.uiuc.edu/) therefor.…”

Section: Biofilm Eps and Bio-remodeling: A Computational Approach Promentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Estimates of Bio-Remodeling on Coastal Rock Surfaces

Pappalardo

Buehler

Chelli

et al. 2016

JMSE

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Abstract:Remodeling of rocky coasts and erosion rates have been widely studied in past years, but not all the involved processes acting over rocks surface have been quantitatively evaluated yet. The first goal of this paper is to revise the different methodologies employed in the quantification of the effect of biotic agents on rocks exposed to coastal morphologic agents, comparing their efficiency. Secondly, we focus on geological methods to assess and quantify bio-remodeling, presenting some case studies in an area of the Mediterranean Sea in which different geological methods, inspired from the revised literature, have been tested in order to provide a quantitative assessment of the effects some biological covers exert over rocky platforms in tidal and supra-tidal environments. In particular, different experimental designs based on Schmidt hammer test results have been applied in order to estimate rock hardness related to different orders of littoral platforms and the bio-erosive/bio-protective role of Chthamalus ssp. and Verrucariaadriatica. All data collected have been analyzed using statistical tests to evaluate the significance of the measures and methodologies. The effectiveness of this approach is analyzed, and its limits are highlighted. In order to overcome the latter, a strategy combining geological and experimental-computational approaches is proposed, potentially capable of revealing novel clues on bio-erosion dynamics. An experimental-computational proposal, to assess the indirect effects of the biofilm coverage of rocky shores, is presented in this paper, focusing on the shear forces exerted during hydration-dehydration cycles. The results of computational modeling can be compared to experimental evidence, from nanoscopic to macroscopic scales.

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Field-based remote sensing of intertidal epilithic chlorophyll: Techniques using specialized and conventional digital cameras

Cited by 24 publications

References 23 publications

Urban structures provide new insights into interactions among grazers and habitat

Urban structures provide new insights into interactions among grazers and habitat

Shading impacts by coastal infrastructure on biological communities from subtropical rocky shores

Quantitative Estimates of Bio-Remodeling on Coastal Rock Surfaces

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