Feulgen-DNA content and chromatin organization in the spermathecal glands of Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) queens with aging

Maldanis, Lara; Falco, José Ricardo Penteado; Aguirra, Thaísa Jacinto; Mello, Maria Luiza S.

doi:10.1007/s13592-014-0277-2

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…By disallowing the endoreduplication with age in certain tissue types, the organism could prevent the proliferation of tumor cells that become a risk with increased age. Ploidy changes over time have been reported for the spermatheca of honey bee queens by Peres et al [ 38 ], who suggest that an increase in ploidy is a mechanism for coping with increased reactive oxygen species over the 1.5-year lifespan of the queens examined. The worker honey bee lifespan is much shorter (i.e., 30–60 days post emergence depending on the season [ 30 ]), yet a small increase in ploidy level ( P < 0.1) was observed for the Malpighian tubules.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Endopolyploidy Changes with Age-Related Polyethism in the Honey Bee, Apis mellifera

et al. 2015

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Honey bees (Apis mellifera) exhibit age polyethism, whereby female workers assume increasingly complex colony tasks as they age. While changes in DNA methylation accompany age polyethism, other DNA modifications accompanying age polyethism are less known. Changes in endopolyploidy (DNA amplification in the absence of cell division) with increased larval age are typical in many insect cells and are essential in adults for creating larger cells, more copies of essential loci, or greater storage capacity in secretory cells. However, changes in endopolyploidy with increased adult worker age and polyethism are unstudied. In this study, we examined endopolyploidy in honey bee workers ranging in age from newly emerged up to 55 days old. We found a nonsignificant increase in ploidy levels with age (P < 0.1) in the most highly endopolyploid secretory cells, the Malpighian tubules. All other cell types decreased ploidy levels with age. Endopolyploidy decreased the least amount (nonsignificant) in neural (brain) cells and the stinger (P < 0.1). There was a significant reduction of endopolyploidy with age in leg (P < 0.05) and thoracic (P < 0.001) muscles. Ploidy in thoracic muscle dropped from an average of 0.5 rounds of replication in newly emerged workers to essentially no rounds of replication (0.125) in the oldest workers. Ploidy reduction in flight muscle cells is likely due to the production of G1 (2C) nuclei by amitotic division in the multinucleate striated flight muscles that are essential to foragers, the oldest workers. We suggest that ploidy is constrained by the shape, size and makeup of the multinucleate striated muscle cells. Furthermore, the presence of multiple 2C nuclei might be optimal for cell function, while higher ploidy levels might be a dead-end strategy of some aging adult tissues, likely used to increase cell size and storage capacity in secretory cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Endopolyploidy Changes with Age-Related Polyethism in the Honey Bee, Apis mellifera

et al. 2015

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“…This association has been well-established in cells of insects and mammals. For example, the increased polyploidization was discovered in spermathecal glands of honeybee queens during senescence, accompanied by genotoxic and oxidative stress [ 88 ]. The authors accounted for this phenomenon with a selective repression or induction of gene expression [ 88 ].…”

Section: Myc and Polyploidy Increase Stress Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the increased polyploidization was discovered in spermathecal glands of honeybee queens during senescence, accompanied by genotoxic and oxidative stress [ 88 ]. The authors accounted for this phenomenon with a selective repression or induction of gene expression [ 88 ]. In mammals, the tight association between polyploidy and senescence was documented in neurons, hepatocytes, vascular smooth muscle cells, and even in cancer cells [ 16 , 43 , 47 , 89 , 90 ].…”

Section: Myc and Polyploidy Increase Stress Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under hypoxia, lack of nutrients, starvation, or severe genotoxic stress, polyploid cells can be in a state of dormancy with predominantly glycolytic energy supply, which is a feature of metabostemness [ 40 , 43 , 46 , 88 , 92 , 93 ]. Under normoxia, polyploidy is usually accompanied by enhanced glycolysis, glutaminolysis, hypertranscription, active protein synthesis, and ribosome biogenesis, which are also manifestations of embryonality [ 2 , 6 , 71 , 79 , 186 , 187 ].…”

Section: Common Biological Effects Of Overexpressed Myc and Polyploid...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polyploidy and Myc Proto-Oncogenes Promote Stress Adaptation via Epigenetic Plasticity and Gene Regulatory Network Rewiring

Anatskaya

Vinogradov

2022

IJMS

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Polyploid cells demonstrate biological plasticity and stress adaptation in evolution; development; and pathologies, including cardiovascular diseases, neurodegeneration, and cancer. The nature of ploidy-related advantages is still not completely understood. Here, we summarize the literature on molecular mechanisms underlying ploidy-related adaptive features. Polyploidy can regulate gene expression via chromatin opening, reawakening ancient evolutionary programs of embryonality. Chromatin opening switches on genes with bivalent chromatin domains that promote adaptation via rapid induction in response to signals of stress or morphogenesis. Therefore, stress-associated polyploidy can activate Myc proto-oncogenes, which further promote chromatin opening. Moreover, Myc proto-oncogenes can trigger polyploidization de novo and accelerate genome accumulation in already polyploid cells. As a result of these cooperative effects, polyploidy can increase the ability of cells to search for adaptive states of cellular programs through gene regulatory network rewiring. This ability is manifested in epigenetic plasticity associated with traits of stemness, unicellularity, flexible energy metabolism, and a complex system of DNA damage protection, combining primitive error-prone unicellular repair pathways, advanced error-free multicellular repair pathways, and DNA damage-buffering ability. These three features can be considered important components of the increased adaptability of polyploid cells. The evidence presented here contribute to the understanding of the nature of stress resistance associated with ploidy and may be useful in the development of new methods for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and oncological diseases.

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The Feulgen reaction: A brief review and new perspectives

Mello

Vidal

2017

Acta Histochemica

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Feulgen-DNA content and chromatin organization in the spermathecal glands of Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) queens with aging

Cited by 3 publications

References 26 publications

Endopolyploidy Changes with Age-Related Polyethism in the Honey Bee, Apis mellifera

Endopolyploidy Changes with Age-Related Polyethism in the Honey Bee, Apis mellifera

Polyploidy and Myc Proto-Oncogenes Promote Stress Adaptation via Epigenetic Plasticity and Gene Regulatory Network Rewiring

The Feulgen reaction: A brief review and new perspectives

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