Feudal Reaction After the Black Death in the Palatinate of Durham

Britnell, Richard

doi:10.1093/past/128.1.28

Cited by 24 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Although some find wage fluctuations, those numbers are often incredibly uneven across Europe. This may be attributable to policies (Britnell 1990, Sloane 2011, Braid 2013, and in some cases (England) speaks to the absence of any immediate threat to the political system, differential market conditions (Caferro 2013), manorial practices (Campbell 1997), differential death rates, and even the interplay of wages, deaths, and surprisingly stagnate prices (Campbell 1997). Cohn (2007a) found that some laws were enforced, but others not (notably in https://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol24/iss4/art23/ Florence), and that price divides could split cities from the surrounding countryside.…”

Section: Reorganization (3 Months To 10 Years)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Panarchy, ontological and epistemological phenomena, and the Plague

Geobey¹,

McGowan²

2019

E&S

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Building resilience to major economic, social, and ecological crises such as armed conflict and natural disasters is seen as critical to maintaining system integrity. Although studies of system survival can be used to gauge whether or not social systems are resilient, this can only be conducted in retrospect. Contemporary measures of resilience rely on proxy measures that one can argue build capacity for resilience, but are not direct proxies for resilience itself, except in highly subscribed conditions. This leads us to our key research questions: Can the resilience of a system be measured contemporaneously by those within a social system? What can we learn from past efforts to understand the resilience of social systems by those living through their transformations? To answer these we examine Europe in the second half of the 14th century, during the outbreak and spread of the Plague through the continent. Through an examination of academic research relying on contemporary accounts during this period, we examine the indicators Europeans used at the time to understand changes in their social-ecological systems. We find a time lag between quantitative indicators of system resilience and the systemic shocks introduced by the Plague. However, narratives from the time suggest that those who experienced the epidemic were trying to develop personal understandings of the social changes around them and collective understandings of how to respond to these crises, both in advance of collecting easily comparable data that could be used for broader administrative purposes. The progression from individual narratives, to common understandings, and finally to comparable data is likely a common process that occurs as those within a social-ecological system make sense of a shift of the system from one arrangement to another.

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Section: Reorganization (3 Months To 10 Years)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Panarchy, ontological and epistemological phenomena, and the Plague

Geobey¹,

McGowan²

2019

E&S

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“…These types of pressures, as expressions of the seigniorial reaction, could put a community under great strain. 59 However, in this case at least the tactic failed, and in 1352 Bartholomew had taken off, and orders to attach him were ignored and repeated until late 1353. 60 In 1374 the new bishop of Ely, Thomas Arundel, made his free and his villein tenants swear fealty to him in the first court under his lordship.…”

Section: Example Williammentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On some manors historians have observed evidence for a feudal or seigniorial reaction to these developments, whereby lords tried to strengthen their hold on tenants and to reassert their authority, attempting to increase their threatened incomes, finding offenders against the labour legislation and trying to crack down on the increasing number of runaways from their manors in search of brighter futures. 7 This article will explore whether such developments can be observed at Brandon; whether seigniorial reaction The Bishop of Ely and his Peasants, c. 1300- 81 3 sharpened conflict between lord and tenants before the step to open revolt in 1381; and whether tenants felt frustrated by continuing seigniorial attempts to clamp down on their improving conditions. II Probably the best known conflict between lords and villein tenants, which was directly related to the shifting economic situation after the Black Death, was over the performance of labour services.…”

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confidence: 99%

Conflict and Revolt: The Bishop of Ely and his Peasants at the Manor of Brandon in Suffolk c. 1300-81

Müller¹

2012

Rural History

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AbstractUsing the evidence of manorial court records, this paper examines in detail the developments in the relationship between the Bishop of Ely and his peasants at the manor of Brandon leading up to the Peasants’ Revolt of 1381. Increasing levels of discontent among the peasantry can be observed across the period. This is expressed in rising reported numbers of various cases in the court rolls, such as non-compliance with the court, labour refusals, trespasses and cases of foot-dragging. This rising level of conflict, some open, some more hidden, can be seen as evidence both for increasing seigniorial concern to assert various jurisdictional rights, and the peasants’ increasing willingness to test the boundaries of seigniorial dominion, leading eventually to their participation in the Rising in East Anglia.

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“…However, their efforts concentrate on relatively narrow time horizons and do not exploit variation across localities to assess theories of how the Black Death shaped political development. For particularly rich local-level histories focusing on the case of England, see, inter alia, Mate (1984), Britnell (1990), Poos (1991), and Kissane (2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pandemics and Political Development: The Electoral Legacy of the Black Death in Germany

Vogler

Gingerich

2020

Preprint

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Do pandemics have lasting consequences for political behavior? We address this question by examining the consequences of the most deadly pandemic of the last millennium: the Black Death (1347-1351). Our claim is that pandemics can influence politics in the long run if they impose sufficient loss of life so as to augment the price of labor relative to other factors of production. When this occurs, labor repressive regimes (such as serfdom) become untenable, which ultimately leads to the development of proto-democratic institutions and associated political cultures that shape modalities of political engagement for generations. We test our theory by tracing out the local consequences of the Black Death in German-speaking Central Europe. We find that areas hit hardest by the pandemic were more likely to: (1) adopt inclusive political institutions and equitable land ownership patterns; (2) exhibit electoral behavior indicating independence from landed elite influence during the transition to mass politics; and (3) have significantly lower vote shares for Hitler's National Socialist Party in the Weimar Republic's fateful 1930 and July 1932 elections. * Comments are welcome.

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Feudal Reaction After the Black Death in the Palatinate of Durham

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Panarchy, ontological and epistemological phenomena, and the Plague

Panarchy, ontological and epistemological phenomena, and the Plague

Conflict and Revolt: The Bishop of Ely and his Peasants at the Manor of Brandon in Suffolk c. 1300-81

Pandemics and Political Development: The Electoral Legacy of the Black Death in Germany

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