Fertilizer N and P Effects on Root Mass of Bromegrass, Alfalfa and Barley

Malhi, S. S.; Gill, K. S.

doi:10.1300/j064v19n03_06

Cited by 37 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Previous studies have reported an increase of SOC content in manure amended (Rochette and Gregorich 1998;Aoyama et al 1999) and inorganic fertilizer treated soils (Gregorich et al 1996;Janzen et al 1998). The increase in nutrient supply by the addition of fertilizers and FYM leads to an increase of crop residues in the form of roots and stubbles, which in turn increase the SOC content (Malhi and Gill 2002).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil organic carbon fractions after 16-years of applications of fertilizers and organic manure in a Typic Rhodalfs in semi-arid tropics

Banger

Toor

Biswas

et al. 2009

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

132

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Agricultural soils can act as a potential sink of the increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere if managed properly by application of organic manures and balanced fertilizers. However, the rate of carbon (C) sequestration in soils is low in warm climates and thus the short term changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) contents are almost negligible. Therefore, the knowledge about other C fractions that are more sensitive or responsive and indicative of the early changes in SOC can help to determine the effect of the management practices on soil C sequestration. The objective of this study was to determine the soil C sequestration after 16-years of applications of chemical fertilizers and farmyard manure (FYM) to rice (Oryza sativa)-cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) rotation system in a sandy loam soil (Typic Rhodalfs). The treatments were-(1) one control (no fertilizer or FYM); (2) three chemical fertilizer treatments [100 kg N ha -1 (N), 100 kg N ha -1 ? 50 kg P 2 O 5 ha -1 (NP), 100 kg N ha -1 ? 50 kg P 2 O 5 ha -1 ? 50 kg K 2 O ha -1 (NPK)]; (3) one integrated treatment [(50 kg N ha -1 ? 25 kg P 2 O 5 ha -1 ? 25 K 2 O ha -1 ) ? (50 kg N ha -1 from FYM)]; and (4) one organic treatment at10 Mg ha -1 FYM. Compared to the control treatment, the increase in SOC was 36, 33, and 19% greater in organic, integrated, and NPK treatments. The 16-years application of fertilizers and/or FYM resulted in much greater changes in water soluble C (WSC), microbial biomass C (MBC), light fraction of C (LFC), and particulate organic matter (POM) than SOC. Of the SOC, the proportion of POM was highest (24-35%), which was followed by LFC (12-14%), MBC (4.6-6.6%), and WSC (0.6-0.8%). The application of fertilizers and/or FYM increased the mean weight diameter of soil aggregates; thus provided physical protection to SOC from decomposition. Our results suggests that the application of fertilizers and/or FYM helps to sequester C in the soil and that the labile fractions of C can be used as indicators to determine the amount of C sequestered as a result of different management practices.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This was followed by an increase of 76% in integrated (994 mg kg -1 ) and 39% in NPK (785 mg kg -1 ) over the control. The application of fertilizers and manures increased the POM due to the production of greater production of the plant biomass and excretion of root exudates (Malhi and Gill 2002).…”

Section: Particulate Organic Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil organic carbon fractions after 16-years of applications of fertilizers and organic manure in a Typic Rhodalfs in semi-arid tropics

Banger

Toor

Biswas

et al. 2009

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

132

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“…Previous research has shown substantial reduction in forage yields on grasslands when one or more nutrients were lacking in soil (Ukrainetz and Campbell 1988;Kowalenko 2004a;. Application of N, S and other nutrients such as P and K to soils lacking in these nutrients can increase forage yield (Ukrainetz and Campbell 1988;Kowalenko 2004a, b;Malhi et al , 2005 and root growth in grassland (Lorenz 1977;Malhi and Gill 2002), as well as C and N storage in the soil (Malhi et al 2003b, c). Light fraction organic matter is a source of nutrients for plants and substrate for soil micro-organisms (Carter et al 1994) because it decomposes faster than bulk soil organic matter (Sollins et al 1984;Bonde et al 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term effects of balanced fertilization on grass forage yield, quality and nutrient uptake, soil organic C and N, and some soil quality characteristics

Malhi

Nyborg

Soon

2009

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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“…The soil at both sites, particularly at Breton, was considered to be deficient in plant-available N for optimum crop growth and yield. Yield response of crops to N at these sites would support these statements, and therefore, the increase organic in C and N in soil, especially LFOC and LFON, was most likely due to the increase in crop yield with N fertilization, returning more organic C and/or N to the soil at higher N rates through crop residue including straw, chaff (Campbell et al, 1991;Nyborg et al, 1995;Malhi et al, 2006;Malhi & Lemke, 2007) and root mass (Lorenz, 1977;Malhi & Gill, 2002). The lower mass of soil C and N with S Rem than S Ret suggests that the practice of removing straw from fields for on-farm and industrial uses or to facilitate seeding operations may, in the long run, result in soil degradation or deterioration related to physical, chemical or biological properties, especially under CT Singh & Malhi, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…This also suggests that monitoring the changes in LFOC and LFON in the surface soil appears to be a good strategy to determine the potential of long-term RT on N supplying power and other changes in soil quality/health over a number of years in the long term. The higher organic C and N in light organic fractions than their total organic fractions in the S Ret treatment was most likely due to greater input of C and N to soil through straw and chaff in the S Ret treatment (Malhi & Lemke, 2007) plus increased root mass from fertilization (Malhi & Gill, 2002). The reduction in soil C and N in the S Rem treatments suggests that the practice of straw removal to facilitate the seeding operation may degrade/deteriorate soil quality in the long term (Dalal, 1989(Dalal, , 1992.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effects of Short-term Tillage of a Long-term No-Till Land on Quantity and Quality of Organic C and N in Two Contrasting Soil Types

Dyck¹,

Malhi²,

Nyborg³

et al. 2016

SAR

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Pre-seeding tillage of long-term no-till soil may alter soil quality by changing some properties, but the magnitude of change depends on soil type and climatic conditions. Effects of short-term (2 or 3 years) tillage (hereafter called reverse tillage [RT]) of land previously under long-term no-till (NT, 29 or 30 years), with straw management (straw removed [S Rem ] and straw retained [S Ret ]) and N fertilizer rate (0, 50 and 100 kg N ha -1 in S Ret , and 0 kg N ha -1 in S Rem plots) were determined in autumn 2011 on total organic C (TOC) and N (TON), light fraction organic C (LFOC) and N (LFON), and mineralizable N (N min ) in the 0-7.5, 7.5-15, or 15-20 cm soil layers at Breton (Gray Luvisol [Typic Cryoboralf] loam) and Ellerslie (Black Chernozem [Albic Argicryoll] loam), Alberta, Canada. Short-term RT following long-term NT had no significant negative effect on TOC and TON in soil at both sites, although these parameters tended to be slightly lower in the 0-7.5 cm soil layer with RT compared to NT. For the zero-N treatment, S Ret had greater TOC and TON compared to S Rem in both soil layers at both sites. On average, over both sites, TOC and TON in the 0-15 cm soil increased by 2.08 Mg C ha -1 and 0.216 Mg N ha -1 , respectively. Application of N fertilizer increased TOC and TON in both soil layers, up to the 50 kg N ha -1 rate at Breton (by 7.96 Mg C ha -1 and 0.702 Mg N ha -1 in the 0-15 cm soil) and up to the 100 kg N ha -1 rate at Ellerslie (by 5.11 Mg C ha -1 and 0.439 Mg N ha -1 in the 0-15 cm soil). In both RT and NT treatments, the effects of N rate on TOC and TON were similar for S Ret and S Rem. There was greater LFOC and LFON in the 7.5-15 cm soil layer with RT than NT at both sites. In the 0-15 cm soil layer, averaged over both sites, RT increased LFOC by 66 kg C ha -1 and LFON by 4.0 kg N ha -1 . In both 0-7.5 and 7.5-15 cm soil layers, LFOC and LFON increased with S Ret compared to S Rem. Averaged over both sites, the increase in LFOC and LFON in the 0-15 cm soil was 97 kg C ha -1 and 3.5 kg N ha -1 , respectively. Mass of LFOC and LFON increased dramatically in both soil layers with application of N fertilizer up to the 100 kg N ha -1 rate at both sites, with an average increase of 866 kg C ha -1 and 45.5 kg N ha -1 . In the zero-N treatment, LFOC and LFON increased with S Ret compared to S Rem under RT at Breton and under NT at Ellerslie. On average, tillage had no effect on N min in soil, but S Ret increased N min in soil in both RT and NT, with an average increase of 4.8 kg N ha -1 . Application of N fertilizer increased N min in the 0-20 cm soil up to 50 kg N ha -1 rate at Breton (by 13.7 kg N ha -1) and up to 100 kg N ha -1 rate at Ellerslie (by 18.6 kg N ha -1 ). In conclusion, RT had no effect on TOC, TON and N min in soil, but LFOC and LFON increased with RT compared to NT in the 7.5-15 cm layer at one site. S Ret and N fertilization usually had dramatic positive effects on TOC, TON, LFOC, LFON and N min in soil compared to the corresponding treatments.

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Fertilizer N and P Effects on Root Mass of Bromegrass, Alfalfa and Barley

Cited by 37 publications

References 21 publications

Soil organic carbon fractions after 16-years of applications of fertilizers and organic manure in a Typic Rhodalfs in semi-arid tropics

Soil organic carbon fractions after 16-years of applications of fertilizers and organic manure in a Typic Rhodalfs in semi-arid tropics

Long-term effects of balanced fertilization on grass forage yield, quality and nutrient uptake, soil organic C and N, and some soil quality characteristics

Effects of Short-term Tillage of a Long-term No-Till Land on Quantity and Quality of Organic C and N in Two Contrasting Soil Types

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