Fertility of Three Parasitic Biotypes of<i>Heterodera glycines</i>

Sipes, B. S.

doi:10.1094/phyto-82-999

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…The hatch rate of SCN eggs may have been low due to soil temperatures below the hatch threshold or to egg dormancy. Previous studies have shown dormancy is induced in eggs produced in the late summer (8,20,21,24). Furthermore, SCN infection and development is reduced in soils with a high moisture content (25).…”

Section: Summary and Implications For Disease Managementmentioning

confidence: 88%

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Potential for Soybean Cyst Nematode Reproduction on Winter Weeds and Cover Crops in Tennessee

Donald

Hayes

Walker

2007

Plant Health Progress

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The soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines, is a major yield limiting pest of soybean (Glycine max). Current SCN management strategies include resistant soybean varieties and rotation with non-host crops. Increased adoption of the early soybean production system (ESPS) combined with a greater incidence of winter weeds from no-tillage practices may increase the population density of SCN during the noncrop period since several winter weeds and cover crops are hosts for SCN. A field experiment with a split-strip design was conducted over three years to evaluate whether SCN reproduced on weeds and cover crops during the noncrop period. Winter weeds and crimson clover roots were examined for females and cysts with eggs. The soil was sampled to determine if an increase in SCN egg population density occurred. We found no indication of SCN reproduction on winter weeds during the noncrop period or on the cover crop crimson clover. Accepted for publication 2 November 2006. Published 26 February 2007.

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Section: Summary and Implications For Disease Managementmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Nematode development and reproduction are influenced by a variety of factors such as environment (9,17,22,25), host (1,6), dormancy (8,20,21,24), and management (11,19). These experiments were conducted using dates of planting and harvest with a shorter noncrop period than ESPS production practices.…”

Section: Summary and Implications For Disease Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential for Soybean Cyst Nematode Reproduction on Winter Weeds and Cover Crops in Tennessee

Donald

Hayes

Walker

2007

Plant Health Progress

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“…As its body continues to swell, the female eventually breaks through the surface of the root but remains attached to the feeding site. An SCN female generally produces between 40 to 600 eggs on average (46). Upon death, the females' body becomes a tough, protective covering (called a "cyst") that protects the eggs from desiccation and predation by microbes until favorable conditions arrive for hatch.…”

Section: Soybean Cyst Nematodementioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Winter Annual Weeds as Alternative Hosts for Soybean Cyst Nematode

2008

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Soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe, SCN) has been reported to parasitize a broad range of host plants, encompassing nearly 150 legume and non‐legume genera representing 22 plant families. Several SCN host species are common winter annual weeds in US soybean production fields and include purple deadnettle (Lamium purpureum L.), henbit (Lamium amplexicaule L.), field pennycress (Thlaspi arvense L.), shepherd's purse [Capsella bursa‐pastoris (L.) Medik], common chickweed [Stellaria media (L.) Vill.], and smallflowered bittercress (Cardamine parviflora L.). The influence of winter annual weed management on SCN population densities has received little attention to date and warrants further investigation by multidisciplinary research involving weed scientists, nematologists, and soybean production specialists.

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“…H. glycines females produce several hundred eggs [5]. While some individual eggs will hatch in the absence of a host, the presence of soybean greatly increases the percentage of eggs that will hatch, thereby increasing the probability of emerging in the presence of a susceptible host.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embryogenesis in the parasitic nematode Heterodera glycines is independent of host-derived hatching stimulation

et al. 2017

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BackgroundMany parasites regulate their development to synchronize their life cycle with a compatible host. The parasitic nematode Heterodera glycines displays incomplete host-mediated hatching behavior wherein some H. glycines individuals hatch only in the presence of a host-derived cue while others hatch in water alone. Furthermore, H. glycines shows variable hatching behavior based on oviposition location. The mechanisms regulating this hatching variability are unknown. In this study, we established a detailed timeline of the H. glycines pre-hatch development from early embryogenesis to the pre-hatched J2. These descriptive data were then used to test hypotheses regarding the effect of host stimulus and oviposition location on pre-hatch development.ResultsWe found that H. glycines develops from a single-cell egg to a fully formed J2 in approximately 172 hours. The stylet-based mouthpart, which is used to pierce the eggshell during hatching, is not completely formed until late in pre-hatch J2 development and is preceded by the formation of stylet protractor muscles. We also found that the primary motor nervous system of H. glycines did not complete development until late in pre-hatch J2 development. These data suggest possible structural requirements for H. glycines hatching. As expected, exposure of H. glycines eggs to host-derived cues increased the percentage of nematodes that hatched. However, exposure to hatching cues did not affect pre-hatch development. Similarly, we found no obvious differences in the pre-hatch developmental timeline between eggs laid in an egg sac or retained within the mother.ConclusionsThe pattern of early embryonic development in H. glycines was very similar to that recently described in the related parasitic nematode Meloidogyne incognita. However, the speed of H. glycines pre-hatch development was approximately three times faster than reported for M. incognita. Our results suggest that hatching stimulants do not affect embryogenesis itself but only influence the hatching decision once J2 development is complete. Similarly, the oviposition location does not alter the rate of embryogenesis. These results provide insight into the primary survival mechanism for this important parasite.

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Fertility of Three Parasitic Biotypes ofHeterodera glycines

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Potential for Soybean Cyst Nematode Reproduction on Winter Weeds and Cover Crops in Tennessee

Potential for Soybean Cyst Nematode Reproduction on Winter Weeds and Cover Crops in Tennessee

Role of Winter Annual Weeds as Alternative Hosts for Soybean Cyst Nematode

Embryogenesis in the parasitic nematode Heterodera glycines is independent of host-derived hatching stimulation

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