Ferrocene and Triazole-Appended Rhodamine Based Multisignaling Sensors for Hg²⁺and Their Application in Live Cell Imaging

Abstract

Two triazole-appended ferrocene−rhodamine conjugates, C 47 H 45 N 7 O 3 Fe (2) and C 49 H 49 N 7 O 3 Fe (3), have been synthesized, and their electrochemical, optical, and metal cation sensing properties have been explored in aqueous medium. The newly synthesized receptors are simple, easily synthesizable, and display very high "turn on" fluorescence response for Hg 2+ as well as I − in an aqueous environment. Quantification of the absorption titration analysis shows that the receptors 2 and 3 can detect the presence of Hg 2+ even at very low concentrations (∼3 ppb). The mode of metal coordination has been studied by DFT calculations. Furthermore, the receptors 2 and 3 are less toxic toward MCF-7 cells and could detect intracellular Hg 2+ by fluorescent imaging studies.

Luminescent chemosensor for Hg2+ ion based on a dinuclear Ru(II) complex containing open chain azacrown ether

“…The titration experiments were carried out in H 2 O-CH 3 4+ with ligand 5-amino-1,10-phenanthroline. The luminescence property of complex [Ru(bpy) 2 (5-aminophen)] 2+ was not changed upon addition of Hg 2+ ion (10 equiv.)…”

“…Selective and sensitive detection as well as quantification of heavy and transition metal ions play an important role in biological, chemical, biomedical, and environmental applications [1][2][3][4][5]. Mercury and most of its compounds are extremely toxic and are widespread in air, water, and soil.…”

“…a wide range of metal ions as their chloride, nitrate, or perchlorate salts, that is, Li + , Na + , K + , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , Ba 2+ , Cr 3+ , Co 2+ , Ni 2+ , Cu 2+ , Ag + , Zn 2+ , Cd 2+ , Hg 2+ , Mn 2+ , Fe 3+ , and Pb 2+ (5 equiv). Br À , Cl À , I À , NO3 …”

A Simplified and Turn-on Fluorescence Chemosensor Based on Coumarin Derivative for Detection of Aluminium(III) Ion in Pure Aqueous Solution

“…Sensing analysis technology has attracted significant focus because of the advantages including capability of visualization, easy operational procedure, rapid response time, cost effective equipment, convenience afforded due to the lack of need for expensive instruments and complex operation steps, high sensitivity and selectivity. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] , The technology has been applied for the determination of medicine, [22][23][24][25] biomolecules, [26][27][28][29] TNP, 30 metal ions, [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] anions, 51 and so on. 52 Fluorescent sensors, as an important sensing analysis method, have also attracted received considerable attention for visual detection of metal ions.…”

A water-soluble pH fluorescence probe based on quaternary ammonium salt for bioanalytical applications

“…Even though lots of rhodamine-based fluorescence probes have been widely applied in both solution and biosensing systems to discriminate the analytes from other biological abundant species so far, poor solubility of these probes in biological environments might result in decreased detection sensitivity, or even lose the response signal, which is a research bottleneck as regards progress in some areas of cell biology or medicine [55][56][57][58]. To increase the water solubility of the probes, several water soluble groups have also been introduced for intracellular pH measurements such as 1,2,3-triazole, hydroxyl and other methods [59][60][61][62].…”