“…Whilst the solution studies of these molecules, excited with fs pulses exhibited, strong 3PA in alkyl phthalocyanines (PC4 and PC5) [29], an amalgamation of excited state absorption, 2PA, and 3PA in alkoxy phthalocyanines (PC1 and PC2) [28], and saturable absorption behavior with ps pulses in the asymmetric phthalocyanine (PC3) [31,32] all the films studies obviously pointed to the presence of strong 2PA. This could be explained with the changes in absorption spectra, and thereby the energy level configuration, corresponding to solutions and thin films combined with the aspect of peak intensities used for these studies.…”