Female-Headed Households, Poverty, and the Welfare of Children in Urban Brazil

Barros, Ricardo Paes de; Fox, Louise; Mendonça, Rosane Silva Pinto de

doi:10.1086/452272

Cited by 92 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…6 Regressions are run with the help of the STATA 10 program. Heteroscedasticity is the econometric problem frequently encountered when cross-section data is being used in regression analysis.…”

Section: Regression Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several measures have been proposed in the literature to characterize inequality in the distribution of income or expenditure [5][6][7][8][9][10] and [11]. One of the inequality measures of interest is the one proposed by Fields [12] which makes it possible to evaluate the importance of the specific attributes of the household in the explanation of the level of inequality, where the amount explained by each factor is independent of the inequality measure used.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the difference between rural and urban densities is greater in the right tail of the density, implying that, the urban rich are better off than their rural counterparts to a greater extent than the urban poor are better off than the rural poor. Table 2 presents the regression results of the urban and rural welfare models 6 . These results were obtained after testing for the robustness and the reliability of the models.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Determinants of Inequality and Income Gap between Urban and Rural Areas in Cameroon: Evidence from the ECAM3 Household Survey

Fambon¹

2017

aeb

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This paper analyzes the determinants of income and the urban-rural income gap to highlight the urban-rural inequality problem in Cameroon. It concurrently uses the OLS regression, the conditional quantile regression as well as the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition techniques to achieve this objective. The findings of OLS estimations show that human resources and social as well as physical capital play a major role in the improvement of welfare. Household size reduces the consumption expenditures both in rural and urban areas. The regions where the households reside also affect consumption expenditures. Household heads who work in the services sector and trade are better-off than those working in the other sectors of the economy. However, quantile regressions results show that households headed by the old people enjoy a higher level of welfare in the upper quintiles of the distribution of consumption. Household heads who work in the industrial sector have a negative relationship with consumption at the 10 th quintile of the distribution of household expenditures in the urban area. In the rural area, household heads working in the services sector have a positive relationship with consumption only at the 50 th and 90 th percentiles of the distribution of expenditures, whereas those belonging to the 10 th quintile have a negative relationship with consumption. In the rural area, the average time span spent to reach an asphalted road has a stronger positive impact on the consumption of households belonging to the 90 th percentile of the distribution of expenditures. Being a member of an association has a significant positive effect only on the consumption of households belonging to the 10 th quintile of the expenditures distribution. The study results derived with the help of the Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition method show that 59 percent of the welfare gap between urban and rural areas may be explained by differences in the characteristics, and most particularly in physical assets and education. The remaining 41 percent of the welfare gap is explained by discrimination.JEL Classification: O15, O18, D31, D63, O55

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Section: Regression Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Determinants of Inequality and Income Gap between Urban and Rural Areas in Cameroon: Evidence from the ECAM3 Household Survey

Fambon¹

2017

aeb

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“…More specifically, research has established an association between women, especially female heads of households, and poverty, high rates of involuntary unemployment, and lack of financial resources, including land (Barros, Fox, & Mendonca, 1997;Dreze & Srinivasan, 1997;Lipton & Ravillion, 1995;UNDP, 1995UNDP, , 1996World Bank, 1991). Another correlate of household welfare in the region is educational attainment.…”

Section: Individual Characteristics and Household Welfarementioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Moderating Effects of Violent Conflict on Household Welfare in a Resource-Constrained Environment: The Case of Sub-Saharan Africa

Lombe

Newransky

Stokes

et al. 2010

Journal of Social Service Research

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This study examines correlates of household welfare in three countries of sub-Saharan Africa, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe, using data from the 2004 wave of the Afrobarometer survey. We also assess the role violent conflict might play in influencing this relationship. This subject has become especially relevant today in sub-Saharan Africa, given the growing disfranchisement of vulnerable individuals and households and increased incidents of violent conflict. Insight into the relationship between violent conflict and household welfare may be an important step in understanding why many sub-Saharan African countries have difficulties in stimulating economic growth and welfare. The study sample includes 3,525 respondents. Study findings provide partial support for the hypothesized relationship. Specifically, poverty reduction initiatives and informal assistance are associated with reduced hardship, while violent conflict is related to an increase in hardship. We also note that certain individual and household characteristics are linked to hardship. Practice and policy implications are suggested.

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“…Female headship does not necessarily increase economic vulnerability, as shown by studies of Brazil (Barros, Fox & Mendonca, 1993) and Jamaica (Louat, Grosh & van der Gaag, 1992).…”

Section: Supporting Households Headed By Womenmentioning

confidence: 95%

Le crédit individuel “Adashen-Mata”

Maazou¹

Les Silences Pudiques De l'Économie

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Female-Headed Households, Poverty, and the Welfare of Children in Urban Brazil

Cited by 92 publications

References 6 publications

The Determinants of Inequality and Income Gap between Urban and Rural Areas in Cameroon: Evidence from the ECAM3 Household Survey

The Determinants of Inequality and Income Gap between Urban and Rural Areas in Cameroon: Evidence from the ECAM3 Household Survey

Exploring Moderating Effects of Violent Conflict on Household Welfare in a Resource-Constrained Environment: The Case of Sub-Saharan Africa

Le crédit individuel “Adashen-Mata”

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