Feedstock recycling of waste polymeric material

Grause, Guido; Buekens, Alfons; Sakata, Yusaku; Okuwaki, Akitsugu; Yoshioka, Toshiaki

doi:10.1007/s10163-011-0031-z

Cited by 65 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 130 publications

(156 reference statements)

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“…PVC waste treatment research focusses mainly on dehydrochlorination [5]. When this is accomplished through simple thermal treatment, it is often referred to as dry processing, and results in the formation of polyene-like structures made from consecutive double bonds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of steam on the thermal dehydrochlorination of poly(vinyl chloride) resin and flexible poly(vinyl chloride) under atmospheric pressure

Fonseca

Grause

Kameda

et al. 2015

Polymer Degradation and Stability

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of steam on the thermal dehydrochlorination of poly(vinyl chloride) resin and flexible poly(vinyl chloride) under atmospheric pressure

Fonseca

Grause

Kameda

et al. 2015

Polymer Degradation and Stability

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“…Moreover, Cl removal avoids the corrosion of process equipment and the production of chlorinated compounds in, for example, feedstock recycling 4. 14 Dehydrochlorination is the initial phase of the thermal degradation of PVC and results in a polyene sequence (Scheme ), which starts at thermally labile structural segments in the polymer at approximately 100 °C 5…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

End‐of‐Life Treatment of Poly(Vinyl Chloride) and Chlorinated Polyethylene by Dehydrochlorination in Ionic Liquids

et al. 2014

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There is an urgent need for green technologies to remove halogens from halogenated polymers at the end of their lifetime. Ionic liquids (ILs) were used to dehydrochlorinate and/or dissolve the chlorinated polymers poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and chlorinated polyethylene (CPE). The dehydrochlorination activity of an IL depends mainly on its anion and is related to the high hydrogen-bond-accepting ability (β value) of the anion. Different phosphonium ILs successfully dissolve and dehydrochlorinate PVC and CPE at temperatures from 80 °C. PVC is dehydrochlorinated up to 98 % after 60 min in tetrabutylphosphonium chloride ([P4444 ][Cl]) at 180 °C. PVC pieces stabilized by calcium stearate (4 mm(3) ) are dehydrochlorinated more slowly; conversions of 85 and 96 % are reached after 1 and 8 h, respectively. Smaller pieces are dehydrochlorinated faster. High loadings, for example, 0.3 g stabilized PVC in 0.5 g IL, can be applied with only a minor loss of conversion. [P4444 ][Cl] proved to be stable during several consecutive reactions; after each run more than 99 % of the IL can be recovered. The structure of the dehydrochlorinated PVC was studied by (13) C cross-polarization magic-angle spinning NMR and FTIR spectroscopy; the removal of Cl and the formation of double bonds were confirmed. Carefully dehydrochlorinated CPE was processed further by acyclic diene metathesis depolymerization with ethylene and the Hoveyda-Grubbs second-generation catalyst to yield α,ω-dienes such as 1,5-hexadiene and 1,6-heptadiene.

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“…It is well known that gasification of fossil fuels has been widely used on industrial scales to generate electricity. Raw material has a tendency to be replaced by many other organic compounds [5], for example, waste rigid polyurethane foam (WRPUF). WRPUF is hardly decomposes in nature, but being rich in hydrogen and carbon, it has high gross heat value [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gasification of waste rigid polyurethane foam: optimizing operational conditions

Guo

Wang

et al. 2014

J Mater Cycles Waste Manag

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The influence of temperature and catalyst type on production of combustible gas during the air gasification of waste rigid polyurethane foam has been researched in a bench-scale plant. The results indicated that among ten selected catalysts, sodium hydroxide had the most positive effect on the yield of combustible gas. An orthogonal array experimental design based on four levels L 16 (4 3 ) of three parameters was employed to optimize the gasification conditions. The results showed that the relative effectiveness of the parameters was ranked as: temperature [ catalyst supplied [ air gas flow rate. Subsequently, a series of process optimization experiments were conducted and the optimum operating conditions are found as follows: temperature was 1100°C, catalyst supplied was 12.5 wt% of the raw material, and the air flow rate was 120 L/h.

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Feedstock recycling of waste polymeric material

Cited by 65 publications

References 130 publications

Effects of steam on the thermal dehydrochlorination of poly(vinyl chloride) resin and flexible poly(vinyl chloride) under atmospheric pressure

Effects of steam on the thermal dehydrochlorination of poly(vinyl chloride) resin and flexible poly(vinyl chloride) under atmospheric pressure

End‐of‐Life Treatment of Poly(Vinyl Chloride) and Chlorinated Polyethylene by Dehydrochlorination in Ionic Liquids

Gasification of waste rigid polyurethane foam: optimizing operational conditions

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