No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

In order to understand the behavior of COS in a ZnO desulfurization reactor, the reaction between ZnO and COS was studied in the presence of gases which compose a coal-derived gas. The behavior of COS in the reaction zone of a ZnO packed bed can be predicted as follows:  H2S in coal-derived gas reacts more easily with ZnO than COS; most of COS is converted to H2S by catalytic hydrolysis and then reacts with ZnO, although a part of COS may react directly with ZnO; H2 accelerates the conversion of COS to H2S; the water−gas shift reaction accelerates the reaction between ZnO and COS; and CO2 does not affect the reaction.

No abstract

Low-temperature hydrothermal treatment of waste biomass (sawdust) was performed using an autoclave at various temperatures of 180, 250, and 280 °C for 15 min and 60 min. The oil product was obtained from both liquid and solid portions of reaction products from the autoclave, and the composition of oil products was investigated separately. At high reaction temperature, i.e., 250 °C and 280 °C, the longer reaction time led to decreased oil yield; at low reaction temperature (180 °C), the oil yield was found to increase with the increase of reaction time. The oil1 (extracted from the liquid portion) consists of low-boiling-point compounds, whereas oil2 (extracted from the solid portion) contained both low-and high-boiling-point oxygenated hydrocarbons. Ca(OH) 2 was found to be effective on liquefaction of biomass in terms of both oil yield and composition. The volatility distribution of oxygenated hydrocarbons in oil1 and oil2 was studied by using a C-NP gram which can be used as a tool for characterizing biomass-derived oil products.