Feeding behaviour of silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val. and its impact on the food web in Lake Kinneret, Israel

Spataru, P.; Gophen, Moshe

doi:10.1007/bf00034590

Cited by 107 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This suggests a diet overlap among native planktivores (e.g., the fingerlings of all other fish species) and bigheaded carps, which may lead to a strong interspecific competition and probably to reduced fitness in native fish populations in such a nutrient poor lake. Based on our results, we suggest and urge a more effective and targeted bigheaded carp removal from Lake Balaton to eliminate a considerable ecological risk because the presence of these exotic species could result in the decline of native fish populations, as previous studies have demonstrated (Spataru and Gophen, 1985;Chick and Pegg, 2001;Sampson et al, 2009). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Most studies cite silver carp as primarily phytoplankton feeder, able to collect algae larger than 10 µm (Sieburth et al, 1978;Hampl et al, 1983;Smith, 1989;Vörös et al, 1997), while others suggest that silver carp is able to collect even nanoplankton (<10 µm) (Cremer and Smitherman, 1980;Xie, 1999;Görgényi et al, 2015). However, Spataru and Gophen (1985) revealed that the proportion of zooplankton in the diet of silver carps can be up to 50% in some cases, and several other studies have demonstrated that the presence of silver carp results in a zooplankton community dominated by smaller individuals (e.g., Fukushima et al, 1999;Lu et al, 2002). In this study, our aim was to explore the feeding habits of bigheaded carps in Lake Balaton, where the stock consists mainly of hybrid individuals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship between gill raker morphology and feeding habits of hybrid bigheaded carps (Hypophthalmichthysspp.)

Battonyai

Specziár

Vitál

et al. 2015

Knowl. Manag. Aquat. Ecosyst.

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Key-words:bigheaded carp, gill raker morphology, filter-feeding, food size, plankton Bigheaded carps and especially silver carp have been considered as an effective biological control for algal blooms, thus were introduced to several countries in the last decades, including Hungary. Our aim was to explore the feeding habits of bigheaded carps in Lake Balaton (Hungary), where the stock consists mainly of hybrids (silver carp × bighead carp). We examined the relationship between filtering apparatus (gill raker) morphology and size-distribution of planktonic organisms in the food. We failed to find any significant relationship between gill raker parameters and plankton composition in the filtered material. Bigheaded carps with various types of gill rakers consumed food within the same size-spectrum, independently of the rate of hybridization. However, the linkage between the proportion of different planktonic size classes in the water and in the diet of fish was detectable in case of both phytoplankton and zooplankton consumption, suggesting that the seasonally variable availability of different food items was an important factor in determining the food composition of bigheaded carps. We can deduce that bigheaded carps consume high amounts of zooplankton to meet their energy requirements, and the diet overlap among bigheaded carps and other planktivores may exert negative effects on native fish populations. RÉSUMÉRelation entre la morphologie des branchiospines et les habitudes alimentaires d'hybrides de carpes à grosse tête (Hypophthalmichthys spp) Mots-clés :carpe à grosse tête, La carpe à grosse tête et en particulier la carpe argentée ont été considérées comme un moyen de contrôle biologique efficace contre la prolifération des algues, ainsi elles ont été introduites dans plusieurs pays dans les dernières dé-cennies, dont la Hongrie. Notre objectif était d'étudier les habitudes alimentaires des carpes à grosse tête dans le lac Balaton (Hongrie), où le stock se compose principalement d'hybrides (carpe argentée × carpe à grosse tête). Nous avons

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between gill raker morphology and feeding habits of hybrid bigheaded carps (Hypophthalmichthysspp.)

Battonyai

Specziár

Vitál

et al. 2015

Knowl. Manag. Aquat. Ecosyst.

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“…Most studies of silver carp feeding have suggested that they filter-feed on phytoplankton. This is the main reason why silver carp have been heavily stocked to reduce algal abundance in eutrophic lakes in southern China However, recent studies showed that silver carp are able to filter both phytopiankton and cladoceran species (Spataru andGophen 1985, Dong andLi 1994). Although we did not analyze diets of silver carp, our results indicated that abundant silver carp could suppress populations of large-bodied Daphnia sp..…”

Section: Junementioning

confidence: 61%

Effects of Silver Carp Density on Zooplankton and Water Quality: Implications for Eutrophic Lakes in China

Xie

Dai

et al. 1997

Journal of Freshwater Ecology

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We examined the responses of zooplankton community, water transparency, chlorophyll a-and nutrients to manipulation of density of silver carp (Hypophthyalmichthys rnolitrix) in an one-way factorial experiment using enclosures placed in Donghu (East Lake, 30" 33' N, 114" 23' E), located in Wuhan, P. R. China. Enclosures (18.75 m3) were treated with four silver carp densities, 0,81,225,485 g/m2. Total zooplankton abundance (excluding nauplii and rotifers except for Asplanchna sp.) and the mean size of dominant cladoceran species were significantly greater in enclosures with 0 and 81 fish densities than those in enclosures with 225 and 485 fish densities. Water transparency also improved significantly when silver carp densities were 0 or 81 g/m2. We did not find significant effects of silver carp density on chlorophyll a, total phosphorus, or total nitrogen concentrations.We conclude that by reducing planktivorous fish to below the current density (190 g/m'), the zooplankton community can be shifted from the dominance of small-bodied Moina sp. to dominance of large-bodied Daphnia sp. Further, the water clarity can be increased. INTRODUCTIONA recent survey reported that the proportion of lakes that can be classified as eutrophic (total phosphorus ranging from 0.01 8 to 0.97 mg/L) in China has increased from 5% to 55% in the past decade (Jin 1994). Water transparency of less than 1 m and reduced

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“…Silver carp gill rakers also have a sponge-like filtering apparatus with small pores about 100 μm in diameter (Boulenger, 1901;Fang, 1928). The ability of both these species to capture tiny phytoplankton and zooplankton efficiently is well known, leading them to being used to clean up eutrophic bodies of water (Smith, 1985;Spataru and Gophen, 1985;Smith, 1989;Kolar et al, 2005) and giving them some of the highest growth rates noted for any fish (Abdelghany and Ahmad, 2002). It is generally assumed, but unproven, that their ability to feed on tiny particles is attributable to their EO which also produces copious amounts of mucus and has often been found to contain boli of food mixed with mucus (Wilamovski, 1972;Spataru and Gophen, 1985;Kolar et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ability of both these species to capture tiny phytoplankton and zooplankton efficiently is well known, leading them to being used to clean up eutrophic bodies of water (Smith, 1985;Spataru and Gophen, 1985;Smith, 1989;Kolar et al, 2005) and giving them some of the highest growth rates noted for any fish (Abdelghany and Ahmad, 2002). It is generally assumed, but unproven, that their ability to feed on tiny particles is attributable to their EO which also produces copious amounts of mucus and has often been found to contain boli of food mixed with mucus (Wilamovski, 1972;Spataru and Gophen, 1985;Kolar et al, 2005). The bigheaded carps feed using buccal pumping (active ingestion of water though their gills by opercular flaring) (Dong and Li, 1994), but how that might be connected to food identification, filtration and EO function is unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical and physiological studies of bigheaded carps demonstrate that the epibranchial organ functions as a pharyngeal taste organ

Hansen¹,

Ghosal

Caprio

et al. 2014

Journal of Experimental Biology

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The epibranchial organ (EO) is an enigmatic tubular organ found in the pharyngeal cavity of many filter-feeding fishes. We investigated whether it might function as a taste organ that mediates aggregation and ingestion of planktonic food within the buccal cavity. The EO and associated structures of bighead and silver carps, two successful and invasive planktivorous fishes, were examined using histological and electrophysiological techniques. Both species possess finely structured gill rakers that extend directly via a series of protrusions into each of the four blind canals which are organized as the muscular EO, suggesting that the gill rakers and EO probably function in an integrated manner. Both the interior and exterior surfaces of the EOs of both species are covered with high densities of taste buds and solitary chemosensory cells (SCCs) as well as mucous cells. Conversely, taste buds are scarce in both the buccal cavities and external portions of the head and mouth of both species. Electrophysiological recordings from a caudal branch of the vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) found to innervate the EO showed it to be sensitive to chemicals found in a planktonic diet. L-Amino acids accounted for some, but not all of the neural activity. We conclude that taste buds and SCCs located on the EO and gill rakers probably serve to chemically detect food particles, which the EO then aggregates by mucus secretion before eventually expelling them onto the floor of the pharynx for ingestion. This specialized, pharyngeal chemosensory structure may explain the feeding success of these, and perhaps other planktivorous, filter-feeding fishes.

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Feeding behaviour of silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val. and its impact on the food web in Lake Kinneret, Israel

Abstract: Silver carp Hypophtha/michthvs molitrix

Cited by 107 publications

References 14 publications

Relationship between gill raker morphology and feeding habits of hybrid bigheaded carps (Hypophthalmichthysspp.)

Relationship between gill raker morphology and feeding habits of hybrid bigheaded carps (Hypophthalmichthysspp.)

Effects of Silver Carp Density on Zooplankton and Water Quality: Implications for Eutrophic Lakes in China

Anatomical and physiological studies of bigheaded carps demonstrate that the epibranchial organ functions as a pharyngeal taste organ

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