Feed resources for poultry production in Asia and the Pacific region. I. Energy sources

Ravindran, V.; Blair, R.

doi:10.1079/wps19910018

Cited by 56 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Ravindran and Blair, 1993).The same authors replaced fishmeal with by-products of silk manufacturing in diets for layers or chickens. Furthermore, grasshoppers (Acrida cinerea) and mormon crickets (Anabrus simplex) were also able to replace fishmeal and soybean meal in poultry diets (Wang et al, 2007).…”

Section: Consumption By Food Producing Animals and Pets 332mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Feeding studies have been carried out in different animal species. Insects and processed insects are used as complementary feed sources for poultry in developing countries (Ravindran and Blair 1993). Termites (Kalotermes flavicollis) have reportedly been used as feed for chickens and guinea fowl in some African countries (Iroko, 1982;Farina et al, 1991).…”

Section: Consumption By Food Producing Animals and Pets 332mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ravindran and Blair, 1993) reviewed studies conducted on insects in animal feed and recent publications have followed up with summaries on animal feeding studies with insects (e.g. Veldkamp et al, 2012;FAO, 2013;Makkar et al, 2014;Riddick, 2014;Sanchez-Muros et al, 2014).…”

Section: Consumption By Food Producing Animals and Pets 332mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk profile related to production and consumption of insects as food and feed

2015

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The present opinion has the format of a risk profile and presents potential biological and chemical hazards as well as allergenicity and environmental hazards associated with farmed insects used as food and feed taking into account of the entire chain, from farming to the final product. The opinion also addresses the occurrence of these hazards in non-processed insects, grown on different substrate categories, in comparison to the occurrence of these hazards in other non-processed sources of protein of animal origin. When currently allowed feed materials are used as substrate to feed insects, the possible occurrence of microbiological hazards is expected to be comparable to their occurrence in other nonprocessed sources of protein of animal origin. The possible occurrence of prions in non-processed insects will depend on whether the substrate includes protein of human or ruminant origin. Data on transfer of chemical contaminants from different substrates to the insects are very limited. Substrates like kitchen waste, human and animal manure are also considered and hazards from insects fed on these substrates need to be specifically assessed. It is concluded that for both biological and chemical hazards, the specific production methods, the substrate used, the stage of harvest, the insect species and developmental stage, as well as the methods for further processing will all have an impact on the occurrence and levels of biological and chemical contaminants in food and feed products derived from insects. Hazards related to the environment are expected to be comparable to other animal production systems. The opinion also identifies the uncertainties (lack of knowledge) related to possible hazards when insects are used as food and feed and notes that there are no systematically collected data on animal and human consumption of insects. Studies on the occurrence of microbial pathogens of vertebrates as well as published data on hazardous chemicals in reared insects are scarce. Further data generation on these issues are highly recommended. Risk profile related to production and consumption of insects as food and feed EFSA Scientific Committee AbstractThe present opinion has the format of a risk profile and presents potential biological and chemical hazards as well as allergenicity and environmental hazards associated with farmed insects used as food and feed taking into account of the entire chain, from farming to the final product. The opinion also addresses the occurrence of these hazards in non-processed insects, grown on different substrate categories, in comparison to the occurrence of these hazards in other non-processed sources of protein of animal origin. When currently allowed feed materials are used as substrate to feed insects, the possible occurrence of microbiological hazards is expected to be comparable to their occurrence in other non-processed sources of protein of animal origin. The possible occurrence of prions in nonprocessed insects will depend on whether the substrate includes protein ...

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Section: Consumption By Food Producing Animals and Pets 332mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Consumption By Food Producing Animals and Pets 332mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk profile related to production and consumption of insects as food and feed

2015

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“…Therefore, TL is a good digestible alternative feed source than the control feed. The quality of a feed protein depends not only on nitrogen content, but also on their digestibility [45]. Table 3: Dry matter intake, body weight change, daily growth and dry matter conversion efficiency of broilers fed ration containing different levels of taro leaf (TL).…”

Section: Water Hydration Capacitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient Composition and Digestibility of Taro Leaf in the Diets of Chicken and Effects on the Meat Quality

Melese¹

2017

JNHFE

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Introduction: the high cost of cereals and protein supplements and uncertainty about their sustainable supply for poultry pressed the need to search for other potential non-conventional feed sources which are relatively less used for human consumption. For stopping this problem the inclusion of taro leaf meals in poultry ration may supply high nutrients for the consumers because taro is multipurpose crop for food and feed sources. Taro leaf is rich in proteins and can be of supplementary protein, carotene and trace minerals in chicken diets. To achieve maximum efficiency in meat quality and production, properly balanced ration is a pre-requisite and taro could be possible alternative feed ingredients in this study.Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the feeding value of taro leaf in broiler rations which was conducted at Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center. Method and analysis:The study was carried out using four treatments in which the treatments were inclusion of TL at 0% (T1), 3% (T2), 5% (T3) and 7% (T4). The analysis undertaken in this study was feed DM, Crude Fiber (CF), Total Ash (TA), Ether Extract (EE), Crude Protein (CP) and functional properties (WHC, WA, WSI and WAI) of feed offered. The nutritional composition of chicken meat and cost benefit analysis were also evaluated to see the overall benefit of feeding taro. A total of eighty day-old Cobb500 broiler chicks were used for the study and lasted 56 days. At the end of the experiment, four birds were randomly taken from each pen and slaughtered for nutrient composition and protein quality analysis. Results:The result obtained from the study shows that variability was found as taro leaf level increase and from cost and benefit analyses of the study, taro leaf meal is cost effective meal when used as replacement of expensive and conventional meal in broilers rations Conclusion: Therefore, the present study encourage using taro leaf meal as a good source of nutrients for broilers like other tropical leaves

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“…Under tropical conditions cassava (Manihot esculenta), a tuber, is the most productive crop in terms of stability of production and high energy yield per unit of land area (Oke, 1978;Okezie et al, 1982;Ravindran and Blair, 1991). Cassava root meal is mainly a source of energy, with a high starch content (about 60 -70%), and the yield may be counted less than 12.5 tonnes acre -1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility study of cassava meal in broiler diets by partial replacing energy source (corn) in regard to gross response and carcass traits

Hossain

Jr²

2014

Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech.

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Day-old unsexed broiler chicks (Cobb 500) were used to investigate the growth responses and meat yield traits by nourishing them under four dietary treatment group in inclusion of cassava meal with partial substitution of valuable energy source (maize or corn). A total of 260 birds were assigned randomly into four dietary treatments [T1 (0%); T2 (10%); T3 (20%), and T4 (30%)]; each replicated 5 times, 13 birds/replicate in a completely randomized design. Birds were reared with ad libitum feeding, similar housing, and environmental management condition from d1-35 days. Growth responses of broilers in terms of feed intake, body weight, feed conversion ratio (FCR), livability and meat yield traits were assessed in this study. Except for first week, the feed intake of birds on cassava treated diets up to 21 and 35 days was significantly (p<0.001) higher than the non-cassava or control diet (T1). Feed intake of broilers on cassava treated diet (T4 ) had the highest (2795.8 g/b) while the birds of control (T1) diet group consumed the lowest feed (2771.9 g/b) at 35 day. Live weight decreased (p<0.001) with the inclusion of cassava meal diets up to 21 day only; and live weights up to 7 and 35 days were identical between treatment. FCR up to 21 day was improved (p<0.001) on control diet (T1) and deteriorated on cassava treated diets. FCR values up to 7 and 35 days were unaffected by all the treatment groups. Neither the livability nor the meat yield traits (thigh, breast, drumstick, shank, neck, giblet, wing and dressing yield) of broiler chickens was influenced by the dietary treatments regardless of feeding broiler chickens with cassava or non-cassava diets in this study. It may be deduced based on the present findings that, cassava tuber meal might be a potential ingredient to replace the costly maize up to 300 g kg -1 without affecting growth performance of the broiler chickens.

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Feed resources for poultry production in Asia and the Pacific region. I. Energy sources

Cited by 56 publications

References 40 publications

Risk profile related to production and consumption of insects as food and feed

Risk profile related to production and consumption of insects as food and feed

Nutrient Composition and Digestibility of Taro Leaf in the Diets of Chicken and Effects on the Meat Quality

Feasibility study of cassava meal in broiler diets by partial replacing energy source (corn) in regard to gross response and carcass traits

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