Feed resources and feeding techniques of small ruminants under extensive management conditions

Ramírez, Rafael

doi:10.1016/s0921-4488(99)00075-9

Cited by 42 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Wash, and the cultivated Cenchrus ciliaris (L.) and Rhynchelytrum repens (Willd.) Hubb, were collected for nutritional studies because they represent an important source of forage for grazing ruminants in northeastern Mexico (Ramírez, 1999). In this study, C. ciliaris has been considered as a reference grass of good nutritional quality.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical composition and dry matter digestion of some native and cultivated grasses in Mexico

Ramírez¹,

González‐Rodríguez²,

Morales-Rodríguez³

et al. 2009

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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The objective of the study was to quantify differences in nutritive value, over four seasons, of native grasses such as Bouteloua curtipendula, Bouteloua trifida, Brachiaria fasciculata, Chloris ciliata, Digitaria insularis, Leptochloa filiformis, Panicum hallii, Panicum obtusum, Paspalum unispicatum, Setaria grisebachii, Setaria macrostachya, Tridens eragrostoides, Tridens muticus and naturalized chrus ciliaris and Rhynchelytrum repens that are used as forages for grazing beef cattle. Cenchrus ciliaris was included as a reference grass of good nutritional quality. Plants were collected in autumn 2001 and in winter, spring and summer 2002. The nutritive value was assessed in terms of nutrient content, effective rumen degradable dry matter (EDDM), metabolizable energy (ME) and metabolizable protein (MP). Most grasses had crude protein (CP) content comparable to the reference C. ciliaris grass (grand mean = 120 g/kg) and some of them had a higher content (140 g/kg). Cell wall (NDF) and lignin contents were lower in C. ciliaris (650 g/kg, 30, respectively) than in the other grasses (mean = 700 g/kg, 60, respectively). All grasses had less EDDM (mean = 420 g/kg) than C. ciliaris (470 g/kg). All grasses had the ME content (mean = 5.6 MJ/kg DM) that was lower for maintenance requirements of growing beef cattle. Conversely, mean MP values (67 g/kg DM) were sufficient. Lower content of P (annual mean = 120 g/kg DM), Na (0.3) and Cu (40 mg/kg DM) was detected in all grasses to meet the requirements of growing cattle. All grasses, in all seasons, had sufficient CP and MP content to meet the maintenance requirements of growing beef cattle. Higher levels of EDDM occurred in summer and autumn. Because of their good nutritional quality, grasses such as B. fasciculata, C. ciliata, P. hallii, P. obtusum, S. grisebachii, S. macrostachy and T. eragrostoides can be considered as good forages for ruminants.

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Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical composition and dry matter digestion of some native and cultivated grasses in Mexico

Ramírez¹,

González‐Rodríguez²,

Morales-Rodríguez³

et al. 2009

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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“…While this representation highlights the predominance of browse in the diet of goats, a finding reported by many authors (e.g. Squires 1980;Teague 1989;Bartolome et al 1998;Ramirez 1999), the literature also reflects considerable variation on this theme and points to goats as highly selective, or 'fastidious', grazers while willing to accept a wide variety of forages (Devendra and Burns 1983).…”

mentioning

confidence: 74%

“…The capacity of goats to perform better than other ruminants in harsh environments has been variously attributed to their smaller body size and higher efficiency of utilisation of ingested nutrients (Silanikove 1997), low metabolic rates (Munn et al 2012), ability to reduce metabolism (Silanikove 1997), efficient N economy (Muscher et al 2010), efficient use of water (Silanikove 2000), and their ability to select a relatively highquality diet from the variety of forage available (Ramirez 1999;see below). The extent to which these traits enable them to maintain growth under poor seasonal conditions is highly relevant to their use as livestock in the southern rangelands.…”

Section: Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporating farmed goats into sustainable rangeland grazing systems in southern Australia: a review

Hacker

Alemseged

2014

Rangel. J.

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Abstract. The recent trend to farming or re-domestication of feral goats poses serious questions for the ecological sustainability of the semiarid and arid rangelands of southern Australia. This paper reviews aspects of the biology and grazing habits of goats, and aspects of the Australian goat industry, relevant to their sustainable management in livestock enterprises. Key factors identified include high fertility and fecundity even under low seasonal rainfall conditions and a generalist feeding strategy. Adverse consequences for rangeland condition can be expected if seasonal or market conditions result in an imbalance between population growth and turnoff, resulting in high grazing pressures. Given the limited control of the reproductive process at the current stage of the development of goat farming, strategies aimed at ensuring continuity of sale of goats (e.g. on-property feed lots or supply chain and market development) will be important in ensuring that imbalances are avoided. Conservative stocking rates and use of seasonal risk management tools are also particularly relevant. The major research and development needs identified by this review, from a resource management perspective, concern the appropriate dry sheep equivalent rating for goat classes based on age, sex and reproductive status, the extent and consequences of heterogeneity of grazing in space, time, and across forage species, and development of means of establishing sustainable stocking rates based on the use of all available forage sources, including browse.

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“…Vegetation cover is important in the ground to protect soils from exposure and overgrazing has been destroying this protective vegetation. Ramirez (1999) explained that low forage availability constraints efficient production of livestock on rangeland where low intake is the most common factor. This emerges as an indicator of the inability to perform sustainable goat farming in the study areas.…”

Section: Effect Of the Stocking Rate On Forage Availability And Growtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Stocking Rate on Forage Availability and Growth Performance of Goat Kids in Mediterranean Kermes Oak Shrublands

Türkoğlu¹,

Bekiroğlu²,

Tolunay³

2016

Kastamonu Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi

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This study aims to investigate the effect of stocking rate on forage availability (vegetation cover (VC) and forage mass (FM)) and the growth performance of pure hair goat kids (Capra hircus L.) in Mediterranean Kermes oak shrublands. Two villages that had the same ecological conditions but where the presence of pure hair goats did or did not exceed the grazing capacity were selected specifically within this scope. The birth weight (BW) and the daily live weight gain at 90 days (DLWG at 90 days) of pure hair goat kids in these villages were identified and compared in order to monitor their growth. As a result, there is a very strong positive correlation between the growth performance of goat kids, and VC and FM in these villages (P<0.01). Results indicated that high stocking rate effect forage availability and this situation cause decrease in the growth performance of goat kids. It was concluded that forage availability and stocking rate in grazing plans are points to consider providing sustainable goat farming.Key words: Stocking rate, Forage availability, Growth performance, Pure hair goat, Kermes oak Akdeniz Kermes Meşesi Makilik Alanlarında Otlatma Kapasitenin Yem Varlığına ve Oğlakların Gelişim Performansına Etkisi ÖzetBu çalışmanın amacı, Akdeniz Kermes meşesi makilik alanlarında otlatma kapasitesinin, yem varlığı (vejetasyon kaplama ve yem kütlesi) ve kıl keçisi oğlaklarının (Capra hircus L.) büyüme performansları üzerine etkisini araştırmaktır. Bu kapsamda, kıl keçisi varlığı, otlatma kapasitesini aşan ve aşmayan aynı ekolojik özelliklere sahip iki köy örnek olarak seçilmiştir. Bu köylerde, kıl keçisi oğlaklarının büyüme performanslarını belirlemek için doğum ağırlığı ve 90 günlük ağırlıkları tespit edilmiş ve kıyaslanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, bu köylerde, kıl keçilerinin büyüme performansları ile vejetasyon kaplama ve yem kütlesi arasında çok güçlü pozitif bir ilişki olduğu bulunmuştur (P<0,05). Yüksek otlatma kapasitesinin, yem varlığını etkilemesinden dolayı oğlakların büyüme performansını olumsuz etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlara bağlı olarak, otlatma planlarında yem varlığı ve otlatma kapasitesi, sürdürülebilir keçi yetiştiriciliğini sağlamak için göz önünde bulundurulması gereken önemli noktalardır.

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Feed resources and feeding techniques of small ruminants under extensive management conditions

Cited by 42 publications

References 27 publications

Chemical composition and dry matter digestion of some native and cultivated grasses in Mexico

Chemical composition and dry matter digestion of some native and cultivated grasses in Mexico

Incorporating farmed goats into sustainable rangeland grazing systems in southern Australia: a review

Effect of Stocking Rate on Forage Availability and Growth Performance of Goat Kids in Mediterranean Kermes Oak Shrublands

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