Features of the organization of teaching for future physical education teachers in the People's Republic of China and the possibility of implementing an individual approach in their training: a review article

Abstract

Purpose: to determine the main directions of training of teachers of physical culture in the People's Republic of China according to the data of modern literature.
 Material and methods. The analysis of literature sources was carried out by working with scientific works, which are presented in the databases "Web of Science", "Scopus", "Pub Med" and others. The search for literary sources was carried out by the keywords: "physical education teacher training", "physical education", "sports", "coach training". A total of 10157 works were found based on key words, of which 33 works were selected for literary review. The selection was carried out as follows: first, the topic of the article was analyzed, then, if the topic corresponded to the direction of our study, the annotation was analyzed. If the annotation corresponded to the direction of our research, the text of the article was analyzed. Also in the analysis of literature sources, preference was given to sources presented in the quartiles "Web of Science" and "Scopus" 1-3 level. In addition, articles on the training of physical education and sports professionals in China were analyzed separately. Of the 33 works presented in the literature review, 15 sources - research, 10 - review, 8 - randomized trials.
 Results. In the People's Republic of China, the problem of individual approach is especially relevant in connection with national characteristics, traditions, which provide for the predominance of collective action in all types of work. In addition to basic sports, the training of future physical education teachers in the People's Republic of China should include in-depth study of the sport in which it could improve and be a high-level specialist.
 Conclusions. Training of physical education teachers in the People's Republic of China should be based on modern concepts of individualization, which apply to all stages of training: from choosing a sport in which the student would like to improve and receive a specialty of physical education teacher with professional knowledge of a particular sport. physical education teachers in the study of the chosen sport.

Functional readiness and properties of the nervous system peculiarities of art specialties’ future teachers

“…This indicates that future specialists in creative specialties have a higher stability of the nervous system compared to other future teachers [2,13,14]. Exceptions are made only by students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports.…”

“…The determination of the peculiarities of the work of the nervous system was carried out according to the author's psychophysiological testing program [1,2,13,14]. We determined the speed of a simple reaction when you need to press the left mouse button on any picture that appears on the computer screen.…”

“…All other images were to be skipped without clicking. When determining the properties of the nervous system, we used the following provisions: the faster the student reacts to the object, the higher the mobility of the nervous system; the fewer mistakes he makes, the greater the stability of his nervous system [1,2,13,14].…”

“…And the famous swordsman Miyamoto Musashi [11] pointed out that a real warrior should get acquainted with every kind of art and learn the ways of all professions. This is not accidental, because the possession of a wide range of movements affects the coherence of the work of the central nervous system [12,13,14]. That is why athletes need to study the basics of art, and future specialists in creative specialties need to improve their control of their bodies through physical exercises.…”

“…To solve the tasks, it is necessary to determine the peculiarities of the functioning of the nervous system of future specialists in creative specialties. The most accessible way of determining the features of the nervous system is based on psychophysiological indicators: reaction speed in different testing conditions and the number of errors when passing these tests [13,14]. These indicators reflect the mobility and stability of nervous processes.…”