Features of the Clinical State of Periodontal Tissues in Young People

Objectives. Children who find themselves in a difficult life situation are one of the neediest social groups who need help both from the state and from specialists in various fields. To improve and improve the quality of medical dental care for this social group of children, it is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of the developed complex of therapeutic and preventive measures, taking into account the specific situation in social institutions for orphans and children left without parental care. Purpose. To evaluate the effectiveness of the developed complex for the prevention and treatment of major dental diseases in orphans and children in a difficult life situation with the use of photodynamic therapy and herbal medicine. Methodology. The article presents clinical and laboratory data after the implementation of the developed complex of therapeutic and preventive measures using photodynamic therapy and herbal medicine in orphans and children in difficult life situations in the age groups of 6–7 years, 11–13 years and 14–16 years. The dynamics of the dental and hygienic status, some physicochemical, biochemical, immunological parameters of the oral fluid and the periodontopathogenic microbiota of the periodontal sulcus are presented. Results. The use of the developed complex for the prevention and treatment of dental diseases using photodynamic therapy and a phytopreparation in a socially vulnerable group of children showed high efficiency: oral hygiene improved in all age groups from a poor to a satisfactory level, the indicator of cured temporary and permanent teeth increased (component "P") in the structure of KPU in children 6 years of age more than 0.5 times, in adolescents more than 2.7 times. In the mixed saliva, the pH increased, the levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines normalized, the content of lipid peroxidation products sharply decreased against the background of an increase in the activity of the main antioxidant defense enzymes, and the amount of periodontopathogenic microbiota in the periodontal sulcus decreased. Conclusions. The program for the comprehensive prevention and treatment of major dental diseases in orphans and children in difficult life situations leads to a decrease in the intensity of dental caries and periodontal disease, and a significant decrease in cases of tooth loss.

Application of Photodynamic Therapy and Phytodrug for the Prevention and Treatment of Dental Diseases in Children in Difficult Life Situation of "Social Orphans"

Chuykin,

Ganieva,

AKATYEVA

et al. 2023

Condition of Periodontal Tissues in Children With Congenital Cleat of the Palate and Defect After Uranoplasty

Chuykin

Davletshin

Chuykin

et al. 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the state of periodontal tissues in children with congenital cleft palate and defects remaining after uranoplasty. Objectives. To determine the characteristics of the state of periodontal tissues in children with defects remaining after uranoplasty in congenital cleft palate and to compare the obtained clinical data with a group of apparently healthy children. Methodology. The article presents the results of a clinical dental examination of 109 children aged 6-12 years with congenital cleft palate after uranoplasty and residual defects. In the examined children, the hygienic state of the oral cavity was assessed, the severity of gingivitis and the condition of the periodontal tissues were determined. The hygienic state of the oral cavity was assessed by the Fedorov-Volodkina index (1964), the Green-Vermillion IGR-U (C. Green, JR Vermillion, OHI-S), the periodontal condition using the complex periodontal index KPI (Leus P.A., 1988) and papillary-marginal-alveolar index (PMA, C. Parma, 1960). Results. In children with remaining postoperative defects with severe congenital cleft palate, the level of hygiene is more often characterized as "poor" and "unsatisfactory" than in healthy children; the highest incidence of periodontal diseases in childhood was revealed. In most cases, children with postoperative palate defects were found to have mild and moderate severity of gingivitis according to the PMA index. Conclusions. The results of the study made it possible to obtain clinical and dental data on periodontal diseases in children with congenital cleft palate and defects remaining after uranoplasty. To prepare a patient for a reconstructive plastic surgery to eliminate the remaining palate defect, it is necessary to introduce a set of measures to treat periodontal diseases and improve the health of the oral cavity into the rehabilitation algorithm for children with congenital cleft palate.

Estimation of the Microbiological Profile in the Area of Residual Palate Defect After Uranoplasty in Children With Congenital Cleft Palate

Kuchuk

Chuykin

Ochilova

et al. 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the microbiological profile of the mouth and nose in children with congenital cleft palate and remaining defects after uranoplasty. Objectives. To determine the microbial profile of the mouth and nose in children with a cleft palate and defects after uranoplasty and conditionally healthy children in the control group. Methodology. The microflora of the oral cavity and nose of 109 children aged 6-12 years with a severe form of congenital cleft palate (combined cleft of the upper lip, alveolar ridge and palate, as well as a wide isolated cleft of the palate) after uranoplasty and residual palate defects in the dispensary was studied observation of the maxillofacial surgeon of the Republican Children's Clinical Hospital of the Republic of Bashkortostan and 50 apparently healthy children of the same age group. In the examined children, microbiological studies of biological materials were carried out using standard methods in the conditions of the bacteriological laboratory of the Republican Children's Clinical Hospital, Ufa. The material was taken with a sterile cotton swab from the mucous membrane in the area of the palate defect and from the side of the nasal cavity and sown on various nutrient media. The presence of pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms was determined. Results. All 109 examined children with remaining postoperative defects with congenital cleft palate revealed atypical microflora in the oral cavity and in the nasal cavity, mostly represented by pathogenic streptococci and staphylococci, yeast-like fungi. Conclusions. The data obtained as a result of the study on the presence of pathogenic microflora from the oral cavity and nose in the area of the residual palate defect after uranoplasty in children with congenital cleft palate is the basis for the need to develop therapeutic and prophylactic measures aimed at improving the microbiocenosis of adjacent cavities at the stage of preparing the patient for reconstructive - plastic surgery to eliminate a defect in the palate.