Fazeres dos enfermeiros em uma unidade de internação psiquiátrica de um hospital universitário

Abstract

Nursing care in mental health has been undergoing a process of paradigmatic change, from the asylum model to the pychosocial support. The aim of this study is to identify nurses' practices in a psychiatric ward in a university hospital. An exploratory and descriptive study of qualitative approach was conducted. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. The results showed the apprehension of new concepts to guide mental health care: embracement, comprehensive care and individual consideration of the users' subjectivity guided nurses' practices. These practices are permeated by issues that go beyond the biological aspects, and include family and society.

The applicability of the nursing process in caring for psychiatric patients: an integrative review

“…Thus, the use of the nursing diagnosis encourages nurse autonomy and describes the patient's condition, facilitating the prescription of interventions and creation of parameters to guide the results (28) . One of the studies showed that the actions carried out by nurses at the psychiatric ward of a university hospital using the NP as the work methodology so as to make care more dynamic, highlighted the importance of recording interventions and evaluations daily, encouraging treatment and care and guiding teamwork (21) . This study also shows that, following the Psychiatric Reform, psychiatric patients are being included and cared for in general hospitals, contributing to overcoming the historically alienated care in psychiatry, as there is a need for these experiences of psychiatric hospitalizations, in Brazilian general hospitals, to be analyzed and disseminated, as they have beneficial effects in the treatment of patients with mental disorders, in contrast to what happens when they are hospitalized in psychiatric hospitals (29) .…”

“…Nurses play a fundamental role in planning care, one of the NP stages, as well as involving the family in drawing up care plans, this being a mode of intervention through educational and informative activities about the mental illness of their family member (19,30) , the changes in the mental health care model have a place for family participation in the recovery process of the mentally ill family member (30) . Still on the topic of developing the care plan, the studies show that when drawn up in participation with the patient, their needs and mental health problems are considered in an individualized and comprehensive way, as they are better drawn up by the nurse, these being the ones who spend the most time with the patient, as well as exchanging information on actions undertaken in the last 24 hours within the nursing team, this helps with planning and guiding nursing team activity (19,21,28) . Finally, the NP appears in the context of the new model of mental health care, so as to qualify the care delivered.…”

O paciente com transtorno mental grave no hospital geral: uma revisão bibliográfica

“…A literatura mostra que a dificuldade no manejo de pacientes diagnosticados com transtorno mental grave está presente mesmo naqueles serviços ou setores voltados ao atendimento dessa população, em caso de uma crise psíquica (PAULON, 2012;DUARTE;OLSCHOWSKY, 2011;CAMPOS;TEIXEIRA, 2001), o que se leva a questionar o cuidado produzido pelas equipes de saúde em unidades não psiquiátricas do hospital geral, partindo do pressuposto de que, nesses setores, o contato com o dito louco poderia ser mais inesperado, já que não se destinam exclusivamente a essa população.…”

Cuidado em saúde às pessoas com transtorno mental na Rede de Atenção Psicossocial Health care to people with mental disorders in the network for psychosocial care

“…16 In this sense, a study carried out in a psychiatric ward of a general hospital showed that it is important to have working tools in these spaces that aid to recover the condition of the person with mental disorder as a subject-citizen. 17 Another study that investigated the mental health care by listening to people with disorders coming out from a Day Hospital found results that reinforce the importance for health services to go beyond what is settled and to assume the responsibility of the extended care. The study also found that people continue the mental health treatment after being discharged from the Day Hospital.…”