Fatty acids from 28 marine microalgae

Viso, Anne-Catherine; Marty, Jean-Claude

doi:10.1016/s0031-9422(00)90839-2

Cited by 342 publications

(209 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Although many studies have demonstrated accumulation of (neutral) lipids in starved cultures of microalgae, relatively little was known about the effect of growth phase on EPA and DHA accumulation. Our study confirms previous results that the absolute amounts of EPA and DHA, but also the total fatty acid content varies considerably between species (Volkman et al 1989;Viso and Marty 1993;Tonon et al 2002;Mansour et al 2005;Patil et al 2007;Boelen et al 2013). Consequently, high interspecific variability in their nutritional value exists.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Growth phase significantly decreases the DHA-to-EPA ratio in marine microalgae

et al. 2016

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Microalgae are the principal producers of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in marine ecosystems. Algae are used in aquaculture systems as direct or indirect feed for zooplankton, filter-feeding mollusks and larval stages of crustaceans and fish. Therefore, it is necessary to select nutrient-rich strains, with high levels of EPA and/or DHA, preferably during the stage of rapid growth. During the course of algal growth (exponential to stationary phase), many microalgal species accumulate lipids, especially triacylglycerols. However, relatively little is known about the effect of growth phase on LC-PUFA accumulation. In the present study, absolute and relative EPA and DHA levels of seven representative species of marine microalgae were determined during different growth phases in batch culture. Four species (Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Thalassiosira weissflogii, Thalassiosira pseudonana and Rhodomonas salina) accumulated fatty acids during growth. In all these species, intracellular EPA levels were higher during the late stationary growth phase than during exponential growth. In contrast, an increase in DHA content was not observed and therefore the DHA-to-EPA ratio was significantly lower in late stationary phase cultures. These results can be used to improve the nutritional value of microalgae cultivated for application in marine aquaculture systems.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Growth phase significantly decreases the DHA-to-EPA ratio in marine microalgae

et al. 2016

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“…Instead bivalves have been thought to obtain the PUFAs from their diets [30,31]. However, in the present study, the oyster was identified to have the ability to biosynthesize PUFAs by itself, and previous study in two mollusks of O. vulgaris [4] and C. nobilis [16] had the same findings, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 45%

“…Significantly higher conversion rate was found with n-6 PUFA substrates than homologous n-3 substrates; however, in vertebrates, most of functionally characterized PUFA biosynthesis genes/enzymes show more activity toward n-3 PUFA substrates [32][33][34][35]. Marine microalgae enrich in n-3 series PUFAs [30], the oyster can obtain n-3 PUFAs by feeding these microalgae, this probably explains why the synthesizing ability of the n-3 series PUFAs became weaker than that of the n-6 series PUFAs. This might be an adaption to environment in the evolution of animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Cloning and Functional Characterisation of a Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Elongase in a Marine Bivalve Crassostrea angulata

Zhang¹,

Liu²,

Cheng³

et al. 2018

JFNR

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The elongases of fatty acids (ELO) are essential for long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) biosynthesis, and their activities depend on the substrates. The full length cDNA of Crassostrea angulata ELO (CaELO) was cloned by RACE PCR and its function was confirmed. The CaELO encodes a polypeptide of 309 amino acid residues, which containes a histidine box HXXHH motif conserved in all elongases and shares high similarity to the elongases of Chlamys nobilis and Octopus vulgaris. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the putative elongase was placed in the same group with ELOVL2 and ELOVL5, which have been demonstrated to be critical enzymes participating in the biosynthesis of PUFAs in vertebrates. When expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, CaELO was able to elongate n-3 and n-6 PUFA substrates with chain lengths of C18 and C20, indicating that the CaELO had similar substrate specificities to vertebrate ELOVL5. CaELO had lower activity to elongate monounsaturated fatty acids, but had not activity to saturated fatty acids. Interestingly, the conversion rate of PUFAs depended on the length of carbon chain, the number of double bond, and n-3 / n-6 series in the species.

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“…To our knowledge, this is the first reported occurrence of 16:2 and 16:3 fatty acids in insects, although a conjugated 16:2 (10,12-hexadecadienoic acid) was observed as a precursor of pheromone biosynthesis in female silkworm moths (Ando et al, 1996). For other organisms, quantities of 16:2 have been observed in yeast cells (Ito et al, 1983;Brown et al, 1998) and marine algae (Viso and Marty, 1993), and 16:3 was present in plant leaves (Horiguchi et al, 1996) and algae (Viso and Marty, 1993).…”

Section: September 2004mentioning

confidence: 72%

Characterization of triacylglycerols from overwintering prepupae of the alfalfa pollinator Megachile rotundata (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)

Buckner¹,

Kemp²,

Bosch³

2004

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

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Alfalfa leafcutting bees, Megachile rotundata (F.), overwinter as prepupae. The internal lipids were extracted from prepupae that had been wintered at 4°C for 7 months. Megachile rotundata prepupae possessed copious quantities of internal lipids (20% of the fresh weight) that were extracted with CHCl 3 /methanol (2:1). Transmission electron microscopy revealed that lipids were stored within very large intracellular vacuoles. Separation by silica chromatography revealed that 88% of the internal lipids were triacylglycerols. Ester derivatives of fatty acids from triacylglycerol components were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and 15 fatty acid constituents were identified. The majority (76%) of the triacylglycerol fatty acids were unsaturated fatty acids. The major triacylglycerol fatty acid constituent (30%) was the C 16 monounsaturated fatty acid, palmitoleic acid (16:1, hexadec-9-enoic acid), with substantial amounts of linolenic acid (18:3, octadec-9,12,15-trienoic acid, 15%), palmitic acid (16:0, hexadecanoic acid, 14%) and oleic acid (18:1, octadec-9-enoic acid, 13%). Palmitoleic acid as the major fatty acid of an insect is an unusual occurrence as well as the presence of the 16-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids, 16:2 and 16:3. The major intact triacylglycerol components were separated and identified by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. A complex mixture of approximately 40 triacylglycerol components were identified and major components included palmitoyl palmitoleoyl oleoyl glycerol, palmitoyl palmitoleoyl palmitoleoyl glycerol, myristoyl palmitoleoyl palmitoleoyl glycerol, myristoleoyl palmitoyl palmitoleoyl glycerol, and palmitoyl palmitoleoyl linolenoyl glycerol. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Northern Plains Area, is an equal opportunity/ affirmative action employer and all agency services are available without discrimination.Abbreviations used: BSA = N,O-bis-(trimethylsilyl) acetamide; FAME = fatty acid methyl ester; L = linoleic acid; La = lauric acid; Ln = linolenic acid; M = myristic acid; Mo = myristoleic acid; O = oleic acid; P = palmitic acid; Po = palmitoleic acid; P L = palmitlinoleic acid; P Ln = palmitlinolenic acid; S = stearic acid; TAG = triacylglycerol; t-BME = tert-butylmethylether; TMS = trimethylsilyl.

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Fatty acids from 28 marine microalgae

Cited by 342 publications

References 42 publications

Growth phase significantly decreases the DHA-to-EPA ratio in marine microalgae

Growth phase significantly decreases the DHA-to-EPA ratio in marine microalgae

Molecular Cloning and Functional Characterisation of a Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Elongase in a Marine Bivalve <i>Crassostrea</i><i> </i><i>angulata</i>

Characterization of triacylglycerols from overwintering prepupae of the alfalfa pollinator Megachile rotundata (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)

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