Fatty Acid, Triacylglycerol, Phytosterol, and Tocopherol Variations in Kernel Oil of Malatya Apricots from Turkey

Abstract

The fatty acid, sn-2 fatty acid, triacyglycerol (TAG), tocopherol, and phytosterol compositions of kernel oils obtained from nine apricot varieties grown in the Malatya region of Turkey were determined ( P<0.05). The names of the apricot varieties were Alyanak (ALY), Cataloglu (CAT), Cöloglu (COL), Hacihaliloglu (HAC), Hacikiz (HKI), Hasanbey (HSB), Kabaasi (KAB), Soganci (SOG), and Tokaloglu (TOK). The total oil contents of apricot kernels ranged from 40.23 to 53.19%. Oleic acid contributed 70.83% to the total fatty acids, followed by linoleic (21.96%), palmitic (4.92%), and stearic (1.21%) acids. The s n-2 position is mainly occupied with oleic acid (63.54%), linoleic acid (35.0%), and palmitic acid (0.96%). Eight TAG species were identified: LLL, OLL, PLL, OOL+POL, OOO+POO, and SOO (where P, palmitoyl; S, stearoyl; O, oleoyl; and L, linoleoyl), among which mainly OOO+POO contributed to 48.64% of the total, followed by OOL+POL at 32.63% and OLL at 14.33%. Four tocopherol and six phytosterol isomers were identified and quantified; among these, gamma-tocopherol (475.11 mg/kg of oil) and beta-sitosterol (273.67 mg/100 g of oil) were predominant. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to the data from lipid components of apricot kernel oil in order to explore the distribution of the apricot variety according to their kernel's lipid components. PCA separated some varieties including ALY, COL, KAB, CAT, SOG, and HSB in one group and varieties TOK, HAC, and HKI in another group based on their lipid components of apricot kernel oil. So, in the present study, PCA was found to be a powerful tool for classification of the samples.

Physico-chemical characteristics of seed oils extracted from different apricot (<i>Prunus armeniaca</i> L.) varieties from Pakistan

“…The levels of tocopherols reported here are in close agreement to those of α-tocopherol (14.89-26.87 mg/kg), γ-tocopherol (346.53-563.40 mg/kg) and δ-tocopherol (8.56-18.94 mg/kg) reported for different varieties of apricot kernel oils from Turkey (Turan et al, 2007).…”

“…The kernel is a rich source of dietary protein as well as oil and fiber. Presently, although the cosmetic industry is the principal utilizer of apricot kernel oil, it can also be used for edible purposes due to its considerably high nutritive value (Durmaz and Alpaslan, 2007;Turan et al, 2007;Abdel-Rahman, 2011).…”

“…For example, the fruit seeds of raspberry (Oomah et al, 2000), apple and pear (Yukui et al 2009), sweet cherry (Kalyoncu et al, 2009), apricot (Turan et al, 2007) and wine grapes (Baydar, 2001) have been characterized for oil composition and mineral contents. A great magnitude of varietal variation in fruit or fruit seed composition has been reported in all these studies.…”

Major Fatty Acids Composition of 32 Almond (Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D. A. Webb.) Genotypes Distributed in East and Southeast of Anatolia

“…Sabudak [21] and Turan et al [22] were used Mainly fatty acids amounts were determined in almond genotips. The average amounts of fatty acids of almond genotypes with minimum-maximum values and standard deviation are shown as percentages in Table 2 and Table 3.…”

Effects of Different Numbers of Fungicide Application on the Proximate Composition of Soybean

“…37 A study involving Turkish apricot seed oil concluded that β-sitosterol was the main compound of this class, while stigmasterol was present in the lowest content. 38 Therefore, the characteristics of the phytosterol profiles from vegetable oils may differ depending on the matrix evaluated.…”