Fate of acifluorfen and lactofen in common waterhemp (Amaranthus rudis) resistant to protoporphyrinogen oxidase–inhibiting herbicides

Shoup, D. E.; Al‐Khatib, Kassim

doi:10.1614/ws-04-169r1

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…Shoup et al (2003) found no differences between a PPO-resistant biotype and an S-biotype of A. tuberculatus treated with acifluorfen or lactofen. Similar findings were reported by Shoup and Al-Khatib (2005) in A. tuberculatus biotypes. Price et al (2004a) reported that cotton at the 12-leaf growth stage had sevenfold greater metabolism of flumioxazin than plants at the 4- or 8-leaf growth stage.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Annual Bluegrass (Poa annua) Biotypes Exhibit Differential Levels of Susceptibility and Biochemical Responses to Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase Inhibitors

McCullough

Czarnota

2018

Weed Sci

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An annual bluegrass (Poa annuaL.) biotype with limited susceptibility to POST flumioxazin applications was identified in Georgia. The objectives of this research were to quantify tolerance levels of this biotype (R-biotype) to protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) inhibitors and characterize physiological responses to flumioxazin. In dose–response experiments on 3- to 5-tiller plants, flumioxazin and sulfentrazone rates required to reduce dry-shoot biomass 50% from the nontreated were >14.5 and 10.4 times greater for the R-biotype, as compared with a susceptible (S)-biotype, respectively. Establishment of the R-biotype from seed was completely controlled by PRE applications of flumioxazin and oxadiazon, similar to the S-biotype. Tank mixtures of chlorpyrifos with flumioxazin did not enhance biomass reductions of the R-biotype, suggesting that tolerance levels may not be related to cytochrome P450–associated metabolism. In laboratory experiments, the R-biotype averaged 27% less electrolyte leakage, as compared with the S-biotype, after flumioxazin treatments. Lipid peroxidation in the R-biotype, as measured by malondialdehyde levels, averaged 25% less than the S-biotype at 72 h after broadcast flumioxazin treatments at 280 and 560 g ha−1. The tolerance to POST applications of PPO inhibitors in thisP. annuabiotype is associated with less lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage as compared with the S-biotype. These biochemical differences in biotypes may contribute to erratic levels of POST control from flumioxazin and could contribute to PPO-inhibitor resistance.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Annual Bluegrass (Poa annua) Biotypes Exhibit Differential Levels of Susceptibility and Biochemical Responses to Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase Inhibitors

McCullough

Czarnota

2018

Weed Sci

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“…Of these, an altered herbicide target enzyme (PPO) was investigated, based on previous characterization of R A. tuberculatus plants (4). It was later determined, in an independently identified PPO-inhibitor-resistant A. tuberculatus population, that enhanced metabolism was not responsible for resistance (28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A codon deletion confers resistance to herbicides inhibiting protoporphyrinogen oxidase

Patzoldt

Hager

McCormick

et al. 2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

186

241

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Herbicides that act by inhibiting protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) are widely used to control weeds in a variety of crops. The first weed to evolve resistance to PPO-inhibiting herbicides was Amaranthus tuberculatus, a problematic weed in the midwestern United States that previously had evolved multiple resistances to herbicides inhibiting two other target sites. Evaluation of a PPOinhibitor-resistant A. tuberculatus biotype revealed that resistance was a (incompletely) dominant trait conferred by a single, nuclear gene. Three genes predicted to encode PPO were identified in A. tuberculatus. One gene from the resistant biotype, designated PPX2L, contained a codon deletion that was shown to confer resistance by complementation of a hemG mutant strain of Escherichia coli grown in the presence and absence of the PPO inhibitor lactofen. PPX2L is predicted to encode both plastid-and mitochondria-targeted PPO isoforms, allowing a mutation in a single gene to confer resistance to two herbicide target sites. Unique aspects of the resistance mechanism include an amino acid deletion, rather than a substitution, and the dual-targeting nature of the gene, which may explain why resistance to PPO inhibitors has been rare.Amaranthus ͉ evolution ͉ waterhemp ͉ weed resistance ͉ herbicide resistance

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“…Plants produced new growth within 14 DAT, and more than half of the plants in each biotype and run recovered and were actively growing at 28 DAT (unpublished data). Shoup and Al-Khatib (2005) noted similar symptoms in the first case of PPO inhibitor–resistant waterhemp reported in Kansas, but less severe final injury estimates. All three waterhemp populations were sensitive to glufosinate, glyphosate, and mesotrione, and injury estimates were 80% or higher for each (Figure 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Multiple-Herbicide Resistance in a 2,4-D–Resistant Waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) Population from Nebraska

et al. 2017

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A 2,4-D-resistant tall waterhemp population (FS) from Nebraska was evaluated for resistance to other TIR1 auxin receptor herbicides and to herbicides having alternative mechanisms of action using greenhouse bioassays and genetic markers. Atrazine, imazethapyr, lactofen, mesotrione, glufosinate, and glyphosate were applied in a single-dose bioassay, and tissue was collected from marked plants for genetic analysis. The FS population was not injured by atrazine or by imazethapyr. Approximately 50% of the plants survived lactofen and were actively growing 28 d after treatment. The population was susceptible to mesotrione, glufosinate, and glyphosate. Ametryn, chlorimuron-ethyl, 2,4-D, aminocyclopyraclor, aminopyralid, and picloram were applied in dose-response studies. The FS population was sensitive to ametryn, and the Ser-264-Gly substitution in the D1 protein was not detected, suggesting the lack of response to atrazine is not due to a target-site mutation. The FS population exhibited less than 50% injury to chlorimuron-ethyl at application rates 20 times the labeled use rate. The Ser-653-Asn acetolactate synthase (ALS) substitution, which confers resistance to imidazolinone herbicides, was present in the FS population. However, this does not explain the lack of response to the sulfonylurea herbicide, chlorimuron-ethyl. Sequencing of a portion of the PPX2L gene did not show the ΔG210 mutation that confers resistance to protoporphyrinogen oxidase-inhibiting herbicides, suggesting that other factors were responsible for waterhemp survival after lactofen application. The FS population was confirmed to be at least 30-fold resistant to 2,4-D relative to the susceptible populations. In addition, it was at least 3-fold less sensitive to aminopyralid and picloram, two other TIR1 auxin receptor herbicides, than the 2,4-D-susceptible populations were. These data indicated that the FS population contains both target and non-target site mechanisms conferring resistance to herbicides spanning at least three mechanisms of action: TIR1 auxin receptors, ALS inhibitors, and photosystem II inhibitors. Nomenclature:

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Fate of acifluorfen and lactofen in common waterhemp (Amaranthus rudis) resistant to protoporphyrinogen oxidase–inhibiting herbicides

Cited by 8 publications

References 32 publications

Annual Bluegrass (Poa annua) Biotypes Exhibit Differential Levels of Susceptibility and Biochemical Responses to Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase Inhibitors

Annual Bluegrass (Poa annua) Biotypes Exhibit Differential Levels of Susceptibility and Biochemical Responses to Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase Inhibitors

A codon deletion confers resistance to herbicides inhibiting protoporphyrinogen oxidase

Multiple-Herbicide Resistance in a 2,4-D–Resistant Waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) Population from Nebraska

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