Annual Bluegrass (<i>Poa annua</i>) Biotypes Exhibit Differential Levels of Susceptibility and Biochemical Responses to Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase Inhibitors

Yu, Jialin; McCullough, Patrick E.; Czarnota, Mark A.

doi:10.1017/wsc.2018.30

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…Although resistance to PPO-inhibiting herbicides is not widespread in turfgrass systems, species that have evolved resistance are similar to those previously discussed for other modes of action. For example, Yu et al (2018) identified a population of annual bluegrass on a golf course in Georgia that was resistant to POST applications of the PPO-inhibiting herbicide flumioxazin applied at a three-to five-tiller growth stage; however, this biotype was effectively controlled when flumioxazin was applied PRE. The mechanism of resistance in this PPO-resistant annual bluegrass biotype was associated with reduced lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage compared to herbicide-susceptible annual bluegrass.…”

Section: Glyphosate-resistant Weeds In Turfgrass (Wssa Group 9)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbicide-resistant weeds in turfgrass: current status and emerging threats

2020

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Herbicide-resistant weeds pose a severe threat to sustainable vegetation management in various production systems worldwide. The majority of the herbicide resistance cases reported thus far originate from agronomic production systems where herbicide use is intensive, especially in industrialized countries. Another notable sector with heavy reliance on herbicides for weed control is managed turfgrass systems, particularly golf courses and athletic fields. Intensive use of herbicides, coupled with a lack of tillage and other mechanical tools that are options in agronomic systems, increases the risk of herbicide-resistant weeds evolving in managed turfgrass systems. Among the notable weed species at high risk for evolving resistance under managed turf systems in the United States are annual bluegrass, goosegrass, and crabgrasses. The evolution and spread of multiple herbicide resistance, an emerging threat facing the turfgrass industry, should be addressed with the use of diversified management tools. Target-site resistance has been reported commonly as a mechanism of resistance for many herbicide groups, though non–target site resistance is an emerging concern. Despite the anecdotal evidence of the mounting weed resistance issues in managed turf systems, the lack of systematic and periodic surveys at regional and national scales means that confirmed reports are very limited and sparse. Furthermore, currently available information is widely scattered in the literature. This review provides a concise summary of the current status of herbicide-resistant weeds in managed turfgrass systems in the United States and highlights key emerging threats.

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Section: Glyphosate-resistant Weeds In Turfgrass (Wssa Group 9)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbicide-resistant weeds in turfgrass: current status and emerging threats

2020

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“…Different weed species exhibit varying susceptibility to a particular herbicide category ( McElroy and Martins, 2013 ; Yu et al., 2018 ). For example, acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides generally provide a narrow weed control spectrum ( Yu and Boyd, 2018 ); ACCase-inhibiting herbicides are only effective for controlling grassy weeds ( McElroy and Martins, 2013 ); nonselective herbicides, such as glyphosate and glufosinate, could nonselectively control all weeds ( Johnson, 1977 ); and synthetic auxin herbicides, such as 2,4-D, dicamba, and MCPA, are only effective for controlling broadleaf weeds ( McElroy and Martins, 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of convolutional neural networks for herbicide susceptibility-based weed detection in turf

Jin

Li²,

McCullough

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Deep learning methods for weed detection typically focus on distinguishing weed species, but a variety of weed species with comparable plant morphological characteristics may be found in turfgrass. Thus, it is difficult for deep learning models to detect and distinguish every weed species with high accuracy. Training convolutional neural networks for detecting weeds susceptible to herbicides can offer a new strategy for implementing site-specific weed detection in turf. DenseNet, EfficientNet-v2, and ResNet showed high F1 scores (≥0.986) and MCC values (≥0.984) to detect and distinguish the sub-images containing dollarweed, goosegrass, old world diamond-flower, purple nutsedge, or Virginia buttonweed growing in bermudagrass turf. However, they failed to reliably detect crabgrass and tropical signalgrass due to the similarity in plant morphology. When training the convolutional neural networks for detecting and distinguishing the sub-images containing weeds susceptible to ACCase-inhibitors, weeds susceptible to ALS-inhibitors, or weeds susceptible to synthetic auxin herbicides, all neural networks evaluated in this study achieved excellent F1 scores (≥0.995) and MCC values (≥0.994) in the validation and testing datasets. ResNet demonstrated the fastest inference rate and outperformed the other convolutional neural networks on detection efficiency, while the slow inference of EfficientNet-v2 may limit its potential applications. Grouping different weed species growing in turf according to their susceptibility to herbicides and detecting and distinguishing weeds by herbicide categories enables the implementation of herbicide susceptibility-based precision herbicide application. We conclude that the proposed method is an effective strategy for site-specific weed detection in turf, which can be employed in a smart sprayer to achieve precision herbicide spraying.

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“…Controlling winter weeds in dormant turfgrass can improve the aesthetic value and stand quality of turfgrass. A variety of herbicides including acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors such as trifloxysulfuron, protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitors such as flumioxazin, the photosystem II (PS II) inhibitor simazine, synthetic auxins such as dicamba and 2,4-D, photosystem I electron diverter diquat, glutamine synthetase inhibitor glufosinate, and the enolpyruvulshikimate 5-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) inhibitor glyphosate are used for postemergence (POST) control of winter weeds in dormant turfgrass (Brosnan et al 2020a(Brosnan et al , 2020bFlessner et al 2013;Heap 2021;McCullough et al 2016McCullough et al , 2017Yu et al 2015Yu et al , 2018.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wood vinegar for control of broadleaf weeds in dormant turfgrass

Hao

Bagavathiannan

et al. 2021

Weed Technol

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Wood vinegar, a product of pyrolysis, can induce phytotoxicity on plants when applied at an adequate rate and concentration. The objective of this research was to investigate wood vinegar obtained from the pyrolysis of apple tree branches for weed control in dormant zoysiagrass. In environment-controlled growth chambers, white clover visual injury and shoot mass reduction compared to the nontreated control were evaluated after wood vinegar application at 1000, 2000, or 4000 L ha-1 under 10 or 30 C temperature conditions. Averaged across rates, wood vinegar rapidly desiccated white clover and caused 83 and 71% visual injury at 10 and 30 C, respectively, at 1 d after treatment (DAT). Averaged across temperatures, wood vinegar at 1000, 2000, and 4000 L ha-1 reduced white clover shoot mass by 56, 81, and 98% from the nontreated control at 10 DAT, respectively. In field experiments, weed control increased as wood vinegar rates increased from 1000 to 5000 L ha-1 in dormant zoysiagrass. The effective application dose of wood vinegar required to provide 90% control (ED90) of annual fleabane, Persian speedwell, and white clover was determined to be 2450, 2300, and 4020 L ha-1, respectively, at 2 weeks after treatment. Turf quality did not differ among the wood vinegar treatments and the nontreated control when zoysiagrass completely recovered from dormancy. Overall, results illustrate that wood vinegar resulting from the pyrolysis of apple tree branches can be used as a nonselective herbicide in dormant turfgrass, offering a new non-synthetic herbicide option for weed control in managed turf.

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Annual Bluegrass (Poa annua) Biotypes Exhibit Differential Levels of Susceptibility and Biochemical Responses to Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase Inhibitors

Cited by 10 publications

References 41 publications

Herbicide-resistant weeds in turfgrass: current status and emerging threats

Herbicide-resistant weeds in turfgrass: current status and emerging threats

Evaluation of convolutional neural networks for herbicide susceptibility-based weed detection in turf

Wood vinegar for control of broadleaf weeds in dormant turfgrass

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