Fast phase retrieval in slightly off-axis digital holography

Single-shot detection of 8 unique monochrome fringe patterns representing 4 distinct directions via multispectral fringe projection profilometry

“…There have been attempts to mitigate the effects of phase ambiguities. Double-frame is one such method that uses a two-step phase shift approach 24 – 33 . Another method is to use aperiodic sinusoidal fringe patterns with cross-correlation between the measured intensity images 7 , 34 .…”

Fast phase reconstruction in off-axis digital holography with zero-order term suppression

“…Aliasing can be avoided by using a large carrier frequency but this reduces the space-bandwidth product. To eliminate the zero-order term and improve the space-bandwidth product (SBP), slightly off-axis geometries [9][10][11] were employed. However, due to the need for phase shifting, the setup becomes more complex as a consequence, and either its rate of acquisition or utilization of the field-of-view of the camera decreases.…”

Optimal spatial bandwidth capacity in multiplexed off-axis holography for rapid quantitative phase reconstruction and visualization: erratum

“…The compression can be done by optical multiplexing [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16], by projecting sample and reference beam pairs on the digital camera, each of which creating an off-axis hologram with a different interference fringe direction that positions one wave front in the spatial frequency domain without overlapping other terms. Alternatively, the multiplexing can be performed digitally [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23], by positioning the wave front matrix in the SFD matrix without overlap to generate the multiplexed hologram matrix. Multiplexing is useful for various applications, with focus on acquisition of fast dynamics using optical multiplexing [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16], as well as for speeding up hologram reconstruction [17][18][19][20][21] and for compression and storage of holographic data [22,23] using digital multiplexing.…”

“…Alternatively, the multiplexing can be performed digitally [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23], by positioning the wave front matrix in the SFD matrix without overlap to generate the multiplexed hologram matrix. Multiplexing is useful for various applications, with focus on acquisition of fast dynamics using optical multiplexing [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16], as well as for speeding up hologram reconstruction [17][18][19][20][21] and for compression and storage of holographic data [22,23] using digital multiplexing. Digital multiplexing of hundreds of computer generated holograms can also be performed, e.g., for beam shaping [24]; however, in this case, the input holograms are not acquired optically first, but rather generated digitally.…”

“…off-axis holograms encoding the same information, with identical DC terms, but with CC terms of opposite signs. Thus, subtracting one hologram from the other one yields a DC-free hologram, while the CC terms remain[21,29]. For all suggested algorithms, the input holograms are assumed to be with a bandwidth of 8 c ω , where the CC term shifts…”