Fast low-temperature consolidation of bulk nanometric ceramic materials

Anselmi‐Tamburini, Umberto; Garay, Javier E.; Munir, Zuhair A.

doi:10.1016/j.scriptamat.2005.11.015

Cited by 290 publications

(204 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The short sintering time is particularly suitable for: (a) preserving initial powder grain size or nanostructure [35,36], (b) consolidating amorphous materials [37][38][39], (c) improving bonding strength between particles and (d) controlling phase reactions or decomposition (in the case of composites) [40]. ECASed materials often exhibit improved physical and mechanical properties compared with those obtained by conventional methods.…”

Section: Benefitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electric current activated/assisted sintering (ECAS): a review of patents 1906–2008

Grasso

Sakka

Maizza

2009

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

386

231

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The electric current activated/assisted sintering (ECAS) is an ever growing class of versatile techniques for sintering particulate materials. Despite the tremendous advances over the last two decades in ECASed materials and products there is a lack of comprehensive reviews on ECAS apparatuses and methods. This paper fills the gap by tracing the progress of ECAS technology from 1906 to 2008 and surveys 642 ECAS patents published over more than a century. It is found that the ECAS technology was pioneered by Bloxam (1906 GB Patent No. 9020) who developed the first resistive sintering apparatus. The patents were searched by keywords or by cross-links and were withdrawn from the Japanese Patent Office (342 patents), the United States Patent and Trademark Office (175 patents), the Chinese State Intellectual Property Office of P.R.C. (69 patents) and the World Intellectual Property Organization (12 patents). A subset of 119 (out of 642) ECAS patents on methods and apparatuses was selected and described in detail with respect to their fundamental concepts, physical principles and importance in either present ECAS apparatuses or future ECAS technologies for enhancing efficiency, reliability, repeatability, controllability and productivity. The paper is divided into two parts, the first deals with the basic concepts, features and definitions of basic ECAS and the second analyzes the auxiliary devices/peripherals. The basic ECAS is classified with reference to discharge time (fast and ultrafast ECAS). The fundamental principles and definitions of ECAS are outlined in accordance with the scientific and patent literature.

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Section: Benefitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2006, Anselmi-Tamburini et al [35,129] reported a method for preparing dense functional oxides compacts with crystallite size in the range of 10-20 nm. Their hardware configuration is shown in figure 23(a).…”

Section: Figure 22mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electric current activated/assisted sintering (ECAS): a review of patents 1906–2008

Grasso

Sakka

Maizza

2009

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

386

231

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In ceramic materials, the high temperatures required to fully densify ceramic powders result in large grain sizes due to Ostwald ripening when traditional sintering techniques are used. This makes it extremely difficult to obtain dense materials with nanometric and submicrometric grain sizes [3]. To overcome the problem of grain growth, nonconventional sintering methods has been proposed in this work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of microstructural properties of 3Y-TZP materials by conventional and non-conventional sintering techniques

Borrell

Salvador

Rayón

et al. 2012

Ceramics International

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Abstract3 mol% Y 2 O 3 -stabilized zirconia nanopowders were fabricated using various sintering techniques; conventional sintering (CS) and non-conventional sintering such as microwave (MW) and pulsed electric current-assisted-sintering (PECS) at 1300 ºC and 1400 ºC. A considerable difference in the densification behaviour between conventional and non-conventional sintered specimens was observed. The MW materials attain a 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 2 bulk density 99.4% theoretical density (t.d.) at 1300 ºC, while the CS materials attain only 92.5% t.d. and PECS 98.7% t.d. Detailed microstructural evaluation indicated that a low temperature densification leading to finer grain sizes (135 nm) could be achieved by PECS followed by MW with an average sintered grain size of 188 nm and CS 225 nm. It is believed that the high heating rate and effective particle packing are responsible for the improvements in these properties. *Manuscript Click here to view linked References

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“…The performances of the synthesized nanopowder were compared to a commercial ZnO nanopowder from Nabond Technologie Co., one of the best available in the market in terms of purity and granulometry. SPS is a recent advanced pressure and field assisted sintering technique allowing lower sintering temperatures in very fast times (a few minutes) [21], [22]. Instead of using an external heat source, pulsed current passes through the electrically conducting pressure dyes generating the sintering temperature [23], [24], [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Instead of using an external heat source, pulsed current passes through the electrically conducting pressure dyes generating the sintering temperature [23], [24], [25]. SPS has been used to generate dense ceramics with minimum grain growth [21], for many applications [23], such as electroceramics [26], [27], composites [28], [29], bioceramics [30], thermoelectric materials [31], transparent polycrystalline alumina (PCA) [32], or varistors [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Sintering of ZnO Nanopowders

Aimable¹,

Doubi²,

Stuer³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Nanopowders are continuously under investigation as they open new perspectives in numerous fields. There are two main challenges to stimulate their development: sufficient low-cost high throughput synthesis methods leading to a production with well-defined and reproducible properties, and for ceramics, conservation of their nanostructure after sintering. In this context, this paper presents the synthesis of a pure nanosized powder of ZnO (dv50 ~ 60 nm, easily redispersable) by using a continuous Segmented Flow Tubular Reactor (SFTR), which has previously shown its versatility and its robustness, ensuring a high powder quality and reproducibility over time. A higher scale of production can be achieved based on a "scale-out" concept by replicating the tubular reactors. The sinterability of ZnO nanopowders synthesized by the SFTR was studied, by natural sintering at 900 °C and 1100 °C, and Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) at 900 °C. The performances of the synthesized nanopowder were compared to a commercial ZnO nanopowder of high quality. The samples obtained from the synthesized nanopowder could not be densified at low temperature by traditional sintering, whereas SPS led to a fully dense material after only 5 minutes at 900 °C, while limiting the grain growth and thus leading to a nanostructured material.

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Fast low-temperature consolidation of bulk nanometric ceramic materials

Cited by 290 publications

References 25 publications

Electric current activated/assisted sintering (ECAS): a review of patents 1906–2008

Electric current activated/assisted sintering (ECAS): a review of patents 1906–2008

Improvement of microstructural properties of 3Y-TZP materials by conventional and non-conventional sintering techniques

Synthesis and Sintering of ZnO Nanopowders

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