Fast ascent rate during the 2017–2018 Plinian eruption of Ambae (Aoba) volcano: a petrological investigation

Moussallam, Yves; Rose-Koga, Estelle; Koga, Kenneth T.; Médard, Étienne; Bani, Philipson; Devidal, Jean‐Luc; Tari, Dan

doi:10.1007/s00410-019-1625-z

Cited by 49 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(85 reference statements)

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“…The volcano poses a significant volcanic hazard to the 11000 local inhabitants of the island (Bani et al, 2009). After an estimated 350-year volcanic quiescence (except for fumarolic and other hydrogeologic manifestation of its internal activity), a low-level activity resumed during the 1990s, followed by a strong eruptive phase starting from September 2017 (Moussallam et al, 2019). In 2018, a first paroxysm occurred on the 5 th of April around 14 UTC, when a SO 2 -rich eruption occurred with an estimated sulfur load of 0.10-0.15 Tg of SO 2 (Carn, Apr 6 2018).…”

Section: The Ambae Volcanic Unrest In 2017-2018 and The Eruptions Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the 2018 Ambae Eruption on the Global Stratospheric Aerosol Layer and Climate

et al. 2020

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Section: The Ambae Volcanic Unrest In 2017-2018 and The Eruptions Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the 2018 Ambae Eruption on the Global Stratospheric Aerosol Layer and Climate

et al. 2020

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“…In April, this was still the largest stratospheric volcanic sulfur emission since 2015. In July, however, the activity increased and entered its peak phase (activity phase 4, Moussallam et al (2019)). A peak in sulfur emissions was observed on the 27 th of July (Marder, 2019).…”

Section: Radiative Transfer Modelling: Uvspec Radiative Forcingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the 2018 Ambae eruption on the global stratospheric aerosol layer and climate

Kloss¹,

Sellitto

Legras

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Alternatively, if decompression rate is known it is possible to determine the likelihood of water loss, and use this to guide the selection of MI sizes, depending on whether the intent is hygrometry, speedometry, or both. Independent estimates of approximate decompression rate can be made using the relationship between mass eruption rate (and magnitude, VEI, intensity) and decompression rate that is emerging from recent studies (Figure 6; Ferguson et al, 2016;Barth et al, 2019;Moussallam et al, 2019). This trend provides an estimate of decompression rate based on the magnitude of an eruption.…”

Section: Discussion Regime Diagram -Hygrometer Vs Speedometermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FIGURE 6 | FromMoussallam et al (2019), their Figure13. Compilation of decompression rate estimates using the embayment volatile diffusion method and comparison with eruption magnitude.…”

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The Ins and Outs of Water in Olivine-Hosted Melt Inclusions: Hygrometer vs. Speedometer

Barth

Plank

2021

Front. Earth Sci.

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The amount of water dissolved in magmas at depth beneath volcanoes is fundamental to a wide range of magmatic and eruptive processes due to water’s dominant control on magma generation, viscosity, and buoyancy. Since magmas degas most of their initial water content upon ascent and eruption, the primary record of magmatic water evolution exists within melt inclusions trapped inside crystals, especially olivine. However, the discovery of rapid H+ diffusion through olivine has called into question the fidelity of the melt inclusion water record. How compromised is the vast existing and growing dataset of melt inclusion water contents? What are the circumstances favorable for recording primary or pre-eruptive water concentration? Even if inclusions are compromised, diffusive water loss can be exploited to constrain magma decompression rates, a critical parameter that affects conduit processes. Here, we outline the current understanding of factors controlling water loss: the olivine/melt partition coefficient, the diffusive transport of water through olivine, the distance between inclusion and crystal rim, the melt inclusion size, and the exterior magma’s water evolution. We combine these parameters into a regime diagram that can be used to guide when melt inclusions may be used as hygrometers and when they are better suited to act as magma speedometers. We develop diagnostic tools to recognize where and when water loss has occurred in a magma’s ascent history, and we outline quantitative tools that may be used to restore the primary and/or pre-eruptive water content. The intent of this paper is to guide researchers in the interpretation of existing melt inclusion data, and to aid in the design of new studies that maximize the valuable information that melt inclusions may convey on the evolution of water in magmas prior to eruption.

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Fast ascent rate during the 2017–2018 Plinian eruption of Ambae (Aoba) volcano: a petrological investigation

Abstract: In September 2017, after more than a hundred years of quiescence, Ambae (Aoba), Vanuatu's largest volcano, entered a new phase of eruptive activity, triggering the evacuation of the island's 11,000 inhabitants resulting in the largest volcanic disaster in the country's history.

Cited by 49 publications

References 71 publications

Impact of the 2018 Ambae Eruption on the Global Stratospheric Aerosol Layer and Climate

Impact of the 2018 Ambae Eruption on the Global Stratospheric Aerosol Layer and Climate

Impact of the 2018 Ambae eruption on the global stratospheric aerosol layer and climate

The Ins and Outs of Water in Olivine-Hosted Melt Inclusions: Hygrometer vs. Speedometer

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