Family food environment and dietary behaviors likely to promote fatness in 5–6 year-old children

Campbell, Karen; Crawford, David; Ball, Kylie

doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0803266

Cited by 266 publications

(280 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The average sample size was 1184 (range 66-6235). Study quality scores for studies (K) including children ranged from 2/16 to 9/16, median=8 (scores: 9: K=3 [20][21][22] Television viewing was the most commonly assessed sedentary behavior in association with dietary intake, studied in 19 samples (79%). Twenty-five dietary behaviors were identified, and for brevity dietary behaviors that were studied most often and dietary behaviors that are important in their contribution to the healthfulness of overall diet were tabulated (Table 3).…”

Section: Associations Between Sedentary Behavior and Diet In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedentary Behavior and Dietary Intake in Children, Adolescents, and Adults

Pearson

Biddle

2011

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

515

393

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Context: Sedentary behavior is implicated in youth and adult overweight and obesity. However, the relationship between sedentary behavior and weight status is often small or inconsistent with few studies controlling for confounding factors such as diet and physical activity. Diet has been hypothesized to co-vary with some sedentary behaviors. It is opportune, therefore, to review whether dietary intake is associated with sedentary behavior in young people and adults. This may allow for better interpretation of the diversity of findings concerning sedentary behavior and weight status.Evidence acquisition: Published English language studies were located from computerized and manual searches in early 2010. Included studies were observational studies assessing an association between at least one sedentary behavior and at least one aspect of dietary intake in children (<11 years), and/or adolescents (12-18 years), and/or adults (>18 years).Evidence synthesis: 53 studies (k), totaling 111 independent samples were eligible for this review. Sedentary behavior in children (k=19; independent samples=24), adolescents (k=26; independent samples=72), and adults (k=11; independent samples=14) appears to be clearly associated with elements of a less healthy diet including lower fruit and vegetable consumption, higher consumption of energy-dense snacks, drinks and fast foods, and higher total energy intake. Strength of associations were mainly in the range of small-to-moderate. Conclusions:The association drawn mainly from cross-sectional studies is that sedentary behavior, usually assessed as screen time and predominantly TV viewing, is associated with unhealthy dietary behaviors in children, adolescents and adults. Interventions need to be developed that target reductions in sedentary time to test whether diet also changes. ContextSedentary behavior is rapidly emerging as an important issue in public health. Researchers are now investigating the role of sedentary behavior in diverse health outcomes. Typically, researchers have defined 'sedentary' as not meeting a criterion level of physical activity.However, by sedentary behavior we are referring to very low levels of energy expenditure through sitting and lying. Excessive sitting time is essentially the main concern for sedentary behavior researchers. 1,2 Studies are now showing associations between sedentary behavior (usually assessed as screen-based behaviors such as TV and computer use), and a range of health outcomes, including all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease, 3, 4 adverse metabolic profile, 5 and obesity. 6 However, relationships are not always consistent across age, gender or health outcomes. For example, while there has been a longstanding assumption that TV viewing in youth is associated with overweight and obesity, 7 a meta-analysis of mainly cross-sectional studies found that the strength of such an association was actually very small. 8 Moreover, a review of sedentary behavior intervention studies showed inconsistent weight loss for young people. 9 ...

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Section: Associations Between Sedentary Behavior and Diet In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedentary Behavior and Dietary Intake in Children, Adolescents, and Adults

Pearson

Biddle

2011

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

515

393

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Given that obese parents are more likely to have an overweight/obese child (82,83) , arguably this increased risk of childhood obesity is highly likely to be influenced by the epigenetic interactions within the shared family experience, related to both the food and activity environment (84)(85)(86)(87) .…”

Section: Parental Influencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influencing and modifying children's energy intake: the role of portion size and energy density

et al. 2014

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Childhood obesity is of concern worldwide. The portion size (PS) and energy density (ED) of food are two major determinants of children's energy intake (EI). Trends towards increasing PS are most apparent and best documented in the USA, where PS of numerous food products have increased in the marketplace over the past three decades, particularly high-energy dense foods. Analyses of population-level dietary surveys have confirmed this trend in children for both in-and out-of-home eating, and a plethora of observational evidence positively associates PS, ED and adiposity in children. A limited number of intervention studies provide clear evidence that children, even as young as 2 years, respond acutely to increasing PS, with some studies also demonstrating the additive effects of increased ED in promoting excessive EI. However, most of the evidence is based on children aged 3-6 years and there is a paucity of data in older children and adolescents. It is unclear whether decreasing PS can have the opposite effect on children's EI but recent acute studies have demonstrated that the incorporation of lower energy dense foods, such as fruit and vegetables, into children's meals down-regulates EI. Although a direct causal link between PS and obesity remains to be established, the regular consumption of larger PS of energy dense foods do favour obesity-promoting eating behaviours in children. Further research is required to establish the most feasible and effective interventions and policies to counteract the deleterious impact of PS and ED on children's EI.

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“…Established target areas in the early years include the home family environment, such as associations between increased television viewing and higher energy intake (8) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between parenting styles and nutrition knowledge and 2–5-year-old children's fruit, vegetable and non-core food consumption

Peters

Dollman

Petkov

et al. 2012

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: During the early years, parents have a major influence on children's diets and developing food choices. We investigated parenting styles as predictors of 2-5-year-old children's diets and whether general nutrition knowledge (GNK) mediated these influences. Design: Cross-sectional research. Questionnaires measured demographic and lifestyle variables, family environment, parenting styles and feeding practices, child diet and GNK. Regression models tested GNK as a mediator of relationships between parenting variables and child diet (fruit/vegetable and non-core food consumption), controlling for confounders and family environment. Setting: Questionnaires were completed by main caregivers at home. Subjects: Parents of children aged 2-5 years (n 269). Results: Higher child fruit/vegetable consumption was associated with lower overreactive parenting and restriction, higher authoritative parenting and dining together as a family; with lax parenting approaching statistical significance (P 5 0?083) and 19 % of variance explained by the model. GNK was not a significant predictor. Conversely, non-core food consumption was associated with higher over-reactive and lax parenting as well as child age, increased takeaway food consumption and higher television viewing; GNK had a small effect (P 5 0?043) and 28 % of variance was explained by the model. GNK was a significant mediator only for authoritative parenting on non-core food (effect 5 20?005). Conclusions: These findings highlight that young children's diets may be improved by interventions targeting a range of positive and supportive parenting practices in conjunction with nutrition knowledge education for parents of young children. Further insights will come from closer attention to the nature and role of restrictive feeding practices v. laxness and longitudinal research.

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Family food environment and dietary behaviors likely to promote fatness in 5–6 year-old children

Cited by 266 publications

References 32 publications

Sedentary Behavior and Dietary Intake in Children, Adolescents, and Adults

Sedentary Behavior and Dietary Intake in Children, Adolescents, and Adults

Influencing and modifying children's energy intake: the role of portion size and energy density

Associations between parenting styles and nutrition knowledge and 2–5-year-old children's fruit, vegetable and non-core food consumption

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