Falls in institutionalized elderly with and without cognitive decline A study of some factors

Baixinho, Cristina Lavareda; Dixe, Maria dos Anjos; Madeira, Carla; Alves, Sílvia; Henriques, Maria Adriana

doi:10.1590/1980-57642018dn13-010014

Cited by 17 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Several studies ( 8 - 10 ) have been conducted in an attempt to understand the factors that are related to the increased propensity of falls and reduced balance, as well as their relationship with cognitive decline in the elderly. However, most of these studies were conducted on elderly residents in long-term care institutions, and studies conducted on community-based elderly residents remain scarce ( 11 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between cognitive status, fear of falling, and balance in elderly persons

Tavares¹,

Pacheco²,

Gottlieb³

et al. 2020

Clinics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the cognitive function and its relationship with balance, history of falls, and fear of falling in the elderly. METHODS: We evaluated 250 elderly persons aged at least 60 years, who answered a sociodemographic questionnaire about the occurrence of falls in the last year. The cognitive function, balance, and fear of falling were assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and Falls Efficacy Scale (FES-I) scores, respectively. Participants were allocated into two groups based on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score, the Group with Possible Cognitive Decline (GPCD) and the group with no cognitive decline (GNCD). We performed Student's t-test and Pearson’s correlation for independent samples. RESULTS: The Group with Possible Cognitive Decline (GPCD) showed lower balance ( p =0.003) and greater fear of falling ( p =0.008) (BBS=50.98±4.68; FES-I=26.06±8.78) compared to the GNCD (BBS=52.53±3.047; FES-I=23.21±7.74). CONCLUSION: Elderly persons with cognitive decline have lower balance, greater fear of falling, and greater recurrence of falls.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between cognitive status, fear of falling, and balance in elderly persons

Tavares¹,

Pacheco²,

Gottlieb³

et al. 2020

Clinics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…8 Out of fear of recurrent falls, caregivers tend to limit elderly activity, especially in those with dementia. 1,7,13 A study that investigated the association between subtype and severity of dementia and falls, and the role of poor gait in falls across the spectrum and the subtype of dementia, concluded that non-Alzheimer disease (AD) dementia patients were twice as likely to have had a previous fall than healthy older adults, whereas patients with AD had a similar rate of previous falls to healthy older adults. 13 Each group of individuals with cognitive decline, regardless of the severity of decline, had an increased odds ratio (OR) for falls in comparison with cognitively healthy individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cognitive impairment, severe mobility problems and a greatly restricted capacity to perform daily living activities are determining factors in the decision to implement restraint systems. 2,7 Each nursing home has specific needs determined by elderly characteristics, number of residents, knowledge and experience, prevention practice, fall recording and reporting, and the location and architectural characteristics of buildings, 4 which can influence post-fall practices and behaviors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although there is no research focusing directly on practices and behaviors, studies do report unsafe behaviors as a cause of falls, and in this sense, it is worth monitoring this behavior; indeed, in order to improve programs, it is necessary to first improve attitudes and behaviors and understand the organizational characteristics that influence these attitudes and behaviors. 7 Failure to report is one example of unsafe behavior 8 that calls for further research because even in the absence of injury, after a fall episode seniors may develop a fear of falling again. This leads to activity limitation, resulting in reduced mobility and physical fitness, which in turn further increases the risk of fall.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 The change in epidemiological profile among the elderly -and the associated increase in accidents, mortality, and morbidity -clearly points to the importance of new health models that invest in promoting active aging, the prevention of falls, and a positive cost-benefit relationship, while improving risk identification, the provision of information and assistance to the elderly, and the treatment of after-effects and prevention of post-fall syndrome. [4][5][6][7] As affirmed by some researchers, it is the responsibility of professionals to decrease event incidence, providing care and striving to ensure the safety and wellbeing of the elderly. 5,[8][9][10] With this in mind, the objectives of this study were: a) to construct and validate a scale for assessing the practices and behaviors of professionals in nursing homes after elderly falls (SAPBAEF); b) to describe the practices and behaviors of professionals after falls in institutionalized elderly; and c) to determine the association of practices and behaviors after falls in institutionalized elderly with health professionals' length of experience, training and age.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Practices and behaviors of professionals after falls in institutionalized elderly with and without cognitive decline

Baixinho

Dixe

2020

Dement. neuropsychol.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Falls are a major problem in nursing homes due to their high prevalence and impact on the functioning of elderly. Objective: This study aims to: a) construct and validate a scale for assessing the practices and behaviors of professionals from nursing homes after falls in elderly; b) describe practices and behaviors after falls; and c) associate practices and behaviors with professionals’ length of experience, training and age. Methods: This is a correlational study, conducted in a sample of 152 professionals from six nursing homes. The study adhered to all of the Declaration of Helsinki principles. Results: The scale constructed has a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.938. The 12 items of the scale are grouped into two factors. The most expressive indicators are the communication of fall episodes that result in severe injuries (4.64 ± 0.812) and the communication of falls that result in injuries and need intervention from health technicians (4.61 ± 0.832). We found no significant statistical difference between length of professional experience, training and age when associated with professional practices and behaviors after falls in elderly (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Future studies should investigate the association of post-fall professional practices and behaviors with fear of another fall, fall recurrence, and changes in functioning of the elderly following a fall.

show abstract

Quantitative vestibular assessment: The development and validation of a novel, remote video head impulse test against in‐clinic measurements

Cevallos

Pile

et al. 2023

Laryngoscope Investig Oto

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives To develop a novel remote head impulse test (rHIT), and to provide preliminary data validating the rHIT vestibular‐ocular reflex (VOR) gains against the in‐clinic vHIT. Methods A convenience sample of 10 patients referred for vestibular assessment at our institution was recruited. In‐clinic vHIT was used to quantify lateral VOR gains. Patients subsequently underwent an rHIT protocol, whereby patients performed active, lateral head rotations while their eyes and heads were recorded using a laptop camera and video‐conferencing software. The vHIT and rHIT VOR gains were compared using paired t‐tests, and a Pearson correlation coefficient between the gains was calculated. Absolute accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the rHIT were additionally calculated. Results Of the 10 patients recruited, 4 were male, and the average ± standard deviation (SD) age was 61.4 ± 15.3 years. As determined by the vHIT, 2 patients had normal bilateral VOR gains, 6 with unilateral vestibular hypofunction, and 2 with bilateral vestibular hypofunction. The correlation between the rHIT and vHIT gains was 0.73 (p < .001). The rHIT exhibited an absolute accuracy of 75.0%, sensitivity of 70.0%, and specificity of 80.0%. When ears had a vHIT VOR gain less than 0.40, the rHIT exhibited 100.0% accuracy. Conversely, 60.0% of deficient ears with vHIT VOR gains greater than 0.40 were incorrectly categorized by the rHIT. Conclusion The rHIT may be better suited for detecting more severe vestibular deficiencies. Future iterations of the rHIT should aim to increase the video frame‐rate capabilities to detect subtler VOR impairments. Level of Evidence 4.

show abstract

Falls in institutionalized elderly with and without cognitive decline A study of some factors

Cited by 17 publications

References 13 publications

Interaction between cognitive status, fear of falling, and balance in elderly persons

Interaction between cognitive status, fear of falling, and balance in elderly persons

Practices and behaviors of professionals after falls in institutionalized elderly with and without cognitive decline

Quantitative vestibular assessment: The development and validation of a novel, remote video head impulse test against in‐clinic measurements

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About