Faktor Risiko yang Berpengaruh terhadap Terjadinya Hipertensi pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe II di Wilayah Puskesmas Kabupaten Pati

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of hypertension in type 2 diabetic patients is 1,5-3 times higher than it is in nondiabetic individuals This chronic condition accelerates macrovascular complications. Research about risk factors of hypertension in type 2 diabetic patients is still rare because its causes multifactorial. The objectives of this research is to explain the risk factors affecting hypertension in type 2 diabetic patients.Methods: An observational studies with case-control study design in Primary Healthcare Centers patients in Pati District. Patients with hypertension in type 2 diabetes are the case, while the type 2 diabetes patients without hypertension are the control. There were 57 cases and 57 controls included. Data were obtained from medical records and qualitative interviews. Chi-square test in bivariate and multiple logistic regression in multivariate analysis.Results: Factors that influence hypertension in type 2 diabetic patients were physical activity (OR=6,4; 95% CI: 2,18 - 18,77; p=0,001), diabetes duration ≥ 5 years (OR=5,4; 95% CI: 1,97 - 14,704; p=0,001), and medication adherence (OR=3,6; 95% CI: 1,32 - 9,83; p=0,012). Other risk factors i.e age ≥45 years, male, diet compliance, history of hypertension, smoking, salt consumption, coffee consumption, and sleep duration were not significantly influenced.Conclusion: In this study, physical activity, diabetes duration, and DM medication adherence are risk factors that influence of hypertension in type 2 diabetic patients.

The Effect of Physical Activity on Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Hypertension

“…The onset of complications of hypertension in people with diabetes will be 33.9 times higher in people with diabetes who have diabetes > 5 years [24]. But it does not rule out that people with diabetes within the ≤ 5 year period are also at high risk of experiencing complications of hypertension, especially if they have a bad lifestyle.…”

“…The great effort of the heart muscle to pump blood, the high pressure exerted on the artery walls will increase the resistance of the peripheral arteries. Thereby raising blood pressure and causing hypertension [24].…”

Pengaruh Perawatan Luka Dengan Metode Modern Dressing (Teknik Moist Wound Healing) Pada Pasein Ulkus Diabetikum (Literature Review)

“…Faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian ulkus diabetikum adalah jumlah penderita dengan jenis kelamin laki-laki lebih sedikit dibandingkan dengan perempuan, karena pada perempuan terjadi perubahan hormon estrogen dan progresteron pada saat mengalami menopause, sehingga terjadi peningkatan dan penurunan kadar gula dalam darah (tak terkontrol). Hal ini yang menyebakan seseorang dapat menderita DM yang dapat bersiko terjadi ulkus diabetikum (Rina et al, 2016). Hal lain yang juga dapat terjadi, yaitu penurunan sensitifitas pada kerja insulin, akibat dari resiko meningkatnya body mass index (BMI) (Khoirunisa et al, 2020).…”

Gambaran Kepatuhan Diet Pada Anggota Prolanis Selama Pandemi Covid-19 Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Bojong 2

“…Dukungan emosi yang diberikan oleh keluarga kepada pasien sangat mempengaruhi proses penyembuhan lewat pemberian perhatian, rasa cinta, dihargai dapat menjadi dukungan yang besar untuk patuh dalam menjalankan diet. Berdasarkan penelitian lain juga menunjukkan bahwa dukungan sosial berpengaruh positif terhadap kesehatan psikologis, kesejahteraan fisik dan kualitas hidup seseorang [13][14] .…”