Fake news, moral panic, and polarization in Brazil: A critical discursive approach

Abstract

This paper aims to discuss the motivations and effects of the production, distribution and interpretation of fake news stories, which draw on moral panics in contemporary Brazilian society. To do so, the article combines recent research on fake news, mainly from Media Studies, Sociology and Political Science, with the Critical Discourse Analysis perspective on meaning-making. The main hypothesis advanced is that this kind of fake news story lies in the tension between the evident and the absurd, as they seem to be oriented towards eliciting different readings and reactions from the endo and the exogroup. In terms of the endogroup, they may function as a means both to foster social cohesion and induce affective responses that intensify the dichotomization of identities. Regarding the exogroup, they may act as a means of drawing antagonism towards progressive groups and political parties, in a process that aims at diverting public debate to topics that not only keep the polarization aflame, but also shift the focus of attention away from the issues and policies that the neoconservative agenda deems problematic.

O discurso e a narrativa discriminatória de Jair Bolsonaro: uma análise de suas postagens no Twitter com foco na homofobia

“…Desse modo, diversos temas de interesse social, de modo deturpado, passam a figurar entre tópicos indicados ao embate militante de apoiadores de extremistas, como questões de gênero e sexualidade nas escolas Borges, 2018) e casamento gay (Miskolci, 2016). O conceito de pânico moral vem sendo objeto de constante revisão e atualização, tendo em vista o impacto dos novos aparatos midiáticos, com a possiblidade de imediato espalhamento de conteúdos e implicação em campanhas políticas (Garland, 2019;Sacramento;Santos, 2020;Barros;Lemos, 2018;Walsh, 2020;Gonçalves-Segundo, 2022;Miskolci;Balieiro, 2023).…”