Factors influencing psychological insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes patients

Abstract

Aims This descriptive, exploratory, correlational analysis investigated patients with type 2 diabetes and their diabetes knowledge, depression, diabetes‐management self‐efficacy, and social support and sought to determine the effects of these factors on psychological insulin resistance among type 2 diabetes patients in South Korea. Methods This descriptive cross‐sectional study included 136 patients with type 2 diabetes who visited an endocrinology clinic. A structured questionnaire and electronic medical records were used to collect data regarding demographic and disease‐related characteristics as well as scores on the Diabetes Knowledge Tests, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Diabetes Management Self‐efficacy Scale, Social Support Scale, and Psychological Insulin Resistance Scale, between September and December 2017. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, independent t‐tests, a one‐way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression. Results The total score for psychological insulin resistance was 60.92 ± 14.75 of a maximum of 90. Stepwise multiple regression showed that diabetes knowledge, diabetes‐management self‐efficacy, social support, absence of diabetes complications, and depression explained 38.6% of the variance in psychological insulin resistance. Conclusion Diabetes knowledge was found to have the largest influence on psychological insulin resistance, followed by social support, absence of complications, depression, and diabetes‐management self‐efficacy. Development of interventions that consider all these factors is required, and the effects of such interventions should be tested through further research.

Diyabetli Hastalarda Psikolojik İnsülin Direnci Ölçeğinin Türkçeye Uyarlanması

“…30 BITQ ölçek geliştirme çalışması ve insülin kullanımının önündeki engelleri araştıran diğer çalışmalarda destekleyici ve psikolojik-bilişsel faktörleri destekleyen sonuçlar olduğu ve bu durumun insülin kullanımı önündeki önemli engellerden olduğu görülmüştür. 4,5,9,12,29,30 Bu nedenle bu ölçek insülin kullanımın önündeki psikolojik faktörleri detaylı bir şekilde değerlendirebilmesi ve Türk toplumuna uygun olması yönüyle önemlidir.…”

“…2 Bir hastanın; hipoglisemik problemler, günlük yaşam aktivitelerinde kısıtlamalar ve kendi kendine enjeksiyon yapma konularında bilişsel zorluklar yaşadığı psikolojik durum PİD olarak adlandırılır. 5,6 Bu tanım, duygusal sıkıntı ve yoğun tıbbi tedaviye yönelik olumsuz tutumlar da dahil olmak üzere çeşitli faktörler nedeniyle insülin tedavisine başlamak için güçlü bir olumsuz tutumu tanımlayan bir terim olup tıbbi bir psikolojik tanı değildir. 7 Diyabetli hastalarda insülinin hedeflenen glisemik değerlere ulaşılmasında mevcut en güçlü ilaç olduğu gerçeği göz önüne alındığında, insülin tedavisine başlama veya uyumunun önemli bir klinik sorun olmayacağı varsayılabilir.…”

Psychological insulin resistance and its impact on self‐management in type II diabetes mellitus patients treated with insulin therapy

“…PIR includes injection anxiety and associated pain, restrictions to daily activities, and patient perceptions of disease severity (Keeler et al, 2021). Yu et al (2019) reported that 136 patients with diabetes had an average PIR score of 60.92 (maximum of 90); associated factors were diabetes knowledge, diabetes‐management self‐efficacy, social support, absence of diabetes complications and depression. Alomran et al (2020) found that one‐third of T2DM patients treated with insulin report PIR, primarily from hearing of bad experiences with insulin, feeling of dependence on insulin, lack of time for regular doses of insulin and fear of inability to monitor diet as strictly as insulin therapy requires.…”

A Novel Drug Delivery System: Hyodeoxycholic Acid-Modified Metformin Liposomes for Type 2 Diabetes Treatment

“…Diabetes is a kind of disease that occurs when blood glucose levels are high and is caused by insufficient insulin secretion or impaired insulin action. Diabetes is classified as type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes [ 2 , 3 ]. Type 2 diabetes accounts for more than 90% of diabetic cases [ 4 ].…”