Aims This descriptive, exploratory, correlational analysis investigated patients with type 2 diabetes and their diabetes knowledge, depression, diabetes‐management self‐efficacy, and social support and sought to determine the effects of these factors on psychological insulin resistance among type 2 diabetes patients in South Korea. Methods This descriptive cross‐sectional study included 136 patients with type 2 diabetes who visited an endocrinology clinic. A structured questionnaire and electronic medical records were used to collect data regarding demographic and disease‐related characteristics as well as scores on the Diabetes Knowledge Tests, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Diabetes Management Self‐efficacy Scale, Social Support Scale, and Psychological Insulin Resistance Scale, between September and December 2017. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, independent t‐tests, a one‐way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression. Results The total score for psychological insulin resistance was 60.92 ± 14.75 of a maximum of 90. Stepwise multiple regression showed that diabetes knowledge, diabetes‐management self‐efficacy, social support, absence of diabetes complications, and depression explained 38.6% of the variance in psychological insulin resistance. Conclusion Diabetes knowledge was found to have the largest influence on psychological insulin resistance, followed by social support, absence of complications, depression, and diabetes‐management self‐efficacy. Development of interventions that consider all these factors is required, and the effects of such interventions should be tested through further research.
This study evaluated the quality characteristics of soymilk to select a cultivar suitable for soymilk production. The Gilyuk506 cultivar yielded the lowest value of soymilk (683.33%), whereas the highest value (723.33%) was obtained in the Seonnog cultivar. Soluble solid contents ranged from 7.67 in the Yeonpung cultivar to 8.70% in the Nui 2 hu cultivar. Protein contents ranged from 3.16% (Gilyuk506 cultivar) to 3.39% (Cheoldu59 cultivar). Saccharides of fructose, sucrose, maltose, raffinose, and stachyose were detected in the soy milk, ranging from 110.74 mg% (Cheoldu59 cultivar) to 171.55 mg% (Seonnog cultivar) of raffinose, and 274.61 mg% (Cheoldu59 cultivar) to 354.57 mg% (Yeonpung cultivar) of stachyose. Summarizing the above results, we propose that Seonnog, Jijori, and Nui 2 hu cultivars are suitable soybean cultivars for the production of soymilk.
This study investigated the quality characteristics of pastes prepared by different heat treatment methods using three varieties of sweet potatoes with varying colors. The free sugars, viz., fructose, glucose, and sucrose, are normally detected in the sweet potato, with additional detection of maltose when made into a paste. The total sugar content of the paste with heat treatment methods ranged between 17.61% to 20.39% for Daeyumi, 17.29% to 22.41% for Sinjami, and 14.48% to 17.66% for Juhwangmi, with the highest values obtained after being subjected to baking. The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents of the paste were highest in the Sinjami cultivar for all heat treatment methods. The extrusion force ranged from 81.24 to 140.31 N.s. and was highest in the Daeyumi variety, and in baking. Results of the sensory evaluation test revealed that baking was the most suitable heat treatment method. Moreover, our results indicate that Sinjami is valuable as a functional sweet potato paste due to its high total polyphenol and flavonoid content.
This study investigates the nutritional characteristics of sweet corn kernels, silks, and cobs according to the harvest time. Our results will help to identify the most suitable harvest time for super sweet corn and provide basic data for processing. We observed increased levels of dietary fiber with increasing harvest time; the highest value of 17.84% was obtained in cobs harvested after the proposed suitable time. Total essential free amino acids were the highest at 2,624.45 mg/100 g in silks harvested before the suitable time and decreased with increasing harvest time. The total starch content was determined to increase with increasing harvest time (range, 4.41∼24.11%). Highest total free sugar content (46.03%) was obtained in kernels harvested before the suitable time, and the levels were observed to decrease with increasing harvest time. The fatty acid composition showed a high composition ratio of linoleic acid in all plant parts, with contents ranging from 44.52 to 46.55%, 35.91 to 37.43%, and 46.09 to 49.15% in kernels, silks, and cobs, respectively. We conclude that the nutritional characteristics differ depending on the harvest time and plant part. We believe that data from this study will help determine the harvest time according to the purpose of use.
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