Factors Influencing Dental Caries in HIV/AIDS Patients

Palupi, Retno; Sosiawan, Agung; Wening, Gilang Rasuna Sabdho; Ramadhani, Aulia

doi:10.47895/amp.v53i5.73

Cited by 5 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…The higher prevalence of caries in HIV+ adults than in HIV-individuals is similar to results by other scholars in developed and developing countries [16,[18][19][20].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…In HIV-participants, caries prevalence was associated with frequent dental visits and the age range of 36-45. The findings of this study are in line with growing evidence of a higher prevalence and risk of dental caries among HIV+ people compared to the general population [15][16][17].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The higher prevalence of caries in HIV+ adults than in HIV-individuals is similar to results by other scholars in developed and developing countries [16,18–20]. Untreated dental caries or decay (D) was also more prevalent in HIV+ participants 47(23.5%) than in HIV-individuals 27(13.6%).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Thus, further studies are needed to give more clarifications on the mechanism of this relationship. On the other hand, HIV+ persons with immune suppression are reported to experience a reduction of saliva flow (xerostomia) [16]. The decreased saliva flaw contributes to easy development of dental caries due to lack saliva buffering capacity that controls the PH of mouth environment [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of dental caries and associated risk factors among HIV-positive and HIV-negative adults at an HIV clinic in Kigali, Rwanda

Murererehe

Malele-Kolisa

Niragire

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background Dental caries is among the most frequent oral conditions in HIV-positive (HIV+) persons. There is a lack of baseline information on dental caries prevalence and associated risk factors among HIV+ individuals in comparison to HIV-negative (HIV-) people in Rwanda. Objective This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of dental caries and associated risk factors among HIV+ and HIV- adults at an HIV clinic of Kigali Teaching Hospital (CHUK) in Kigali, Rwanda. Methods A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 HIV+ and 200 HIV- adults aged 18 years and above attending the HIV clinic of CHUK. An oral examination was performed by a calibrated examiner. Caries was assessed using the WHO Decayed (D), Missing (M), and Filled Teeth (F) index (DMFT). Descriptive statistics, Chi-square, t-tests, and multiple logistic regression were used to analyze data. Results Overall, a higher prevalence (50.5%) of HIV+ adults had dental caries experience (DMFT>0) compared to HIV- counterparts (40.5%) (p=0.045). The prevalence of Decayed teeth (D) was also higher (23.5%) among HIV+ participants compared to HIV- persons (13.6%) (p=0.011). The Mean(SD) DMFT scores among HIV+ and HIV- participant were 2.28 (3.68) and 1.29 (2.21) respectively (p=0.001). After performing multiple logistic regression analysis, the predictors of dental caries in HIV+ persons were being a female (OR= 2.33; 95%CI= 1.14-4.75), frequent dental visits (OR= 4.50; 95% CI=1.46-13.86) and detectable RNA viral load (OR= 4.50; 95% CI=1.46-13.86). In HIV- participants, the middle age range (36-45 years), and frequent dental visits were significantly associated with dental caries (OR= 6.61; 95%CI=2.14-20.37) and (OR=3.42; 95%CI: 1.337-8.760) respectively. Conclusion The prevalence of dental caries was higher in HIV+ adults than in HIV- counterparts. The reported higher prevalence of caries in HIV+ persons was associated with being a female, detectable viral load, and frequent dental visits. Therefore, there is a need for effective oral health interventions specific to HIV+ individuals in Rwanda to raise awareness of the risk of dental caries and provide preventive oral health services among this population. To ensure timely oral health care among HIV+ persons, there is a need for an effort from policymakers and other stakeholders to integrate oral health care services within the HIV treatment program in Rwanda.

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“…The higher prevalence of caries in HIV+ adults than in HIV-individuals is similar to results by other scholars in developed and developing countries [16,[18][19][20].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Prevalence of dental caries and associated risk factors among HIV-positive and HIV-negative adults at an HIV clinic in Kigali, Rwanda

Murererehe

Malele-Kolisa

Niragire

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Oral health is an integral part of overall health and it is strongly associated with systemic conditions [ 1 ] including Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) [ 2 ], Alzheimer’s disease [ 3 ], cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and obesity [ 4 ]. The prevalence of caries is higher among People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) than among the general population [ 2 , 5 – 7 ]. Therefore, effective treatment of PLWHA should include oral diseases management.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of dental caries and associated risk factors among People Living with HIV/AIDS and HIV uninfected adults at an HIV clinic in Kigali, Rwanda

et al. 2023

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Background Dental caries is among the most frequent oral conditions in People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). There is a lack of baseline information on dental caries prevalence and associated risk factors among PLWHA in comparison to HIV uninfected people in Rwanda. Objective This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of dental caries and associated risk factors among PLWHA and HIV uninfected adults at an HIV clinic of Kigali Teaching Hospital (CHUK) in Kigali, Rwanda. Methods A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 PLWHA and 200 HIV uninfected adults aged 18 years and above attending an HIV clinic of CHUK. An oral examination was performed by a calibrated examiner. Dental caries were assessed using the WHO Decayed (D), Missing (M), and Filled Teeth (F) index (DMFT). Descriptive statistics, Chi-square, t-tests, and multiple binary logistic regression were used to analyze data. Results Overall, a higher prevalence (50.5%) of PLWHA had experienced dental caries (DMFT>0) compared to HIV uninfected counterparts (40.5%) (p = 0.045). The prevalence of Decayed teeth (D) was also higher (23.5%) among PLWHA compared to HIV uninfected persons (13.6%) (p = 0.011). The Mean(SD) DMFT scores among PLWHA and HIV uninfected participants were 2.28 (3.68) and 1.29 (2.21) respectively (p = 0.001). After performing multiple binary logistic regression analysis, the predictors of dental caries in PLWHA were being female (OR = 2.33; 95%CI = 1.14–4.75), frequent dental visits (OR = 4.50; 95% CI = 1.46–13.86) and detectable RNA viral load (OR = 4.50; 95% CI = 1.46–13.86). In HIV uninfected participants, the middle age range (36–45 years), and frequent dental visits were significantly associated with dental caries (OR = 6.61; 95%CI = 2.14–20.37) and (OR = 3.42; 95%CI: 1.337–8.760) respectively. Conclusion The prevalence of dental caries was higher in PLWHA than in HIV uninfected counterparts. The reported higher prevalence of caries in PLWHA was associated with being female, detectable viral load, and frequent dental visits. Therefore, there is a need for effective oral health interventions specific to PLWHA in Rwanda to raise awareness of the risk of dental caries and provide preventive oral health services among this population. To ensure timely oral health care amongPLWHA, there is a need for an effort from policymakers and other stakeholders to integrate oral health care services within the HIV treatment program in Rwanda.

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Salivary biochemical parameters in people living with HIV on ART and dental caries: a cross-sectional study in Monastir, Tunisia

Berrezouga,

Kooli,

Marrakchi

et al. 2024

BMC Oral Health

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Background Studies regarding salivary biochemical parameters and dental caries in adult people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) are scanty. Aim: To investigate salivary biochemical parameters and dental caries in adult PLWHA who are on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and compare the findings with people negative for HIV infection. Methods The study included 50 HIV positive individuals as a test group (TG) and 50 HIV negative individuals as a control group (CG). Dental examination was performed according to WHO guidelines to assess DMFT. Digital panoramic radiographs were taken to detect additional infectious foci. Non-stimulated saliva was collected between 9 and 12 a. m for 5 min to evaluate 18 biochemical parameters and salivary flow rate (SFR). Parametric and non parametric tests were used according to data distribution. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05%. Results Patients’ mean ages and M/F sex ratios for TG and CG were 38.80 ± 9.69 y/o. vs. 37.98 ± 13.47 y/o. and 3.54 vs. 2.33, respectively. Higher means of decayed teeth were recorded in TG, 4.47 ± 3.00 vs. 3.88 ± 2.81 in CG with no significant difference (p = 0.41). Means of filled teeth were significantly lower in TG 2.38 ± 2.16 vs. 4.16 ± 3.35 in CG (p = 0.01), respectively. No statistical significant difference was noted in DMFT indices between the 2 groups (8.04 ± 6.90 vs. 8.52 ± 6.24, p = 0.71). The following salivary parameters were significantly lower in TG compared to CG, respectively: mean SFR 0.44 ± 0.18 ml/min vs. 0.61 ± 0.26 ml/min; median levels of sodium and chlorides, 4 mmol/L and 13.5 mmol/L vs. 9 mmol/L and 19 mmol/L (p < 0.001) and uric acid, 103.50 mmol/L vs. 163 (p = 0.009). However, higher median levels were recorded with calcium, 1.09 mmol/L vs. 0.54 (p < 0.001) and sIgA 23 mg/dl vs. 5 mg/dl (p < 0.001). In TG, a positive correlation was found between DC, potassium, urea, and chlorides (p < 0.05). Salivary renal and hepatic biomarkers were comparable between the two groups. Conclusions PLWHA have shown an alteration in some salivary parameters, more decayed teeth and less filled teeth. Preventive measures should be implemented to lower dental caries and enhance accessibility to oral care services. In addition, saliva can be utilized to monitor oral and general health status among PLWHA on ART.

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Factors Influencing Dental Caries in HIV/AIDS Patients

Cited by 5 publications

References 3 publications

Prevalence of dental caries and associated risk factors among HIV-positive and HIV-negative adults at an HIV clinic in Kigali, Rwanda

Prevalence of dental caries and associated risk factors among HIV-positive and HIV-negative adults at an HIV clinic in Kigali, Rwanda

Prevalence of dental caries and associated risk factors among People Living with HIV/AIDS and HIV uninfected adults at an HIV clinic in Kigali, Rwanda

Salivary biochemical parameters in people living with HIV on ART and dental caries: a cross-sectional study in Monastir, Tunisia

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