Factors for winning interface format battles: A review and synthesis of the literature

Abstract

The literature on selection of interface formats is fragmented and does not provide an overall framework in which all relevant factors are included. Current frameworks are incomplete and focus on a subset of the total set of factors. In this paper we develop a more complete overview of factors based on the available literature. First, we perform an extensive literature study of 127 publications, resulting in 29 factors for format dominance. Second, we group the factors into five categories: characteristics of the format supporter, characteristics of the format, format support strategy, other stakeholders, and market characteristics. Third, we perform a meta-analysis and we specify the direction of each factor on format dominance. This results in a framework that facilitates assessing the chances that an interface format achieves dominance. We demonstrate that this framework is more complete than previous frameworks. The framework can be used by both researchers and practitioners to understand historical and current format battles as well as acceptance of formats without direct competitors.

The Battle between Battery and Fuel Cell Powered Electric Vehicles: A BWM Approach

“…This led users to choose PlayStation 2 instead of competing game consoles including the Dreamcast or the Xbox [27]. Various scholars have developed frameworks to explain the outcome of platform wars or standards battles [5][6][7][8]. These scholars have integrated factors for technology dominance that are mentioned in the diverse streams of literature that have been discussed in this section.…”

“…This paper focuses on which factors are most likely to affect the outcome of the battle between BEVS and HFCVs. We adopt the framework of Van de Kaa et al [8], which includes factors for technology dominance and determine the relevant factors for this battle. Subsequently, we apply a multiple criteria decision-making method, the best worst method (BWM) [9], to determine the importance of these factors and give a first indication which of the two technologies has the best chance of winning the battle.…”

“…We apply the theoretical model of Van de Kaa et al [8] and the BWM [9] to the automotive industry. Although the model has been applied to various cases [10][11][12][13][14], and the methodology has been used in various fields and context applications [12,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24], they have never been applied jointly in the automotive industry.…”

Mobile telecommunication standardization in Japan, China, the United States, and Europe: a comparison of regulatory and industrial regimes

“…Different factors can influence the outcome of standards battles [9]. In the literature, a distinction is made between the firm and the environmental level [7].…”

“…Economists argue that in industries that are characterized by increasing returns to adoption, single standards often emerge due to the existence of network effects [3,4]. Technology management scholars extend this notion by introducing factors that affect the emergence of standards and that can be directly influenced by firms [5][6][7][8][9]. Scholars that focus on mobile telecommunication standardization argue that firms can apply appropriability and collaboration strategies in order to achieve standard success [10].…”