Factors Associated with Diabetic Retinopathy in Chinese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Objective. To investigate the risk factors of DR in Chinese T2DM patients. Methods. 2009 patients with T2DM were included in this cross-sectional study. All patients underwent eye examination, and the DR stage was defined by an ophthalmologist. Correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the relation between DR and clinical variables. Logistic regression models were used to assess risk for those factors associated with DR. Results. A total of 597 T2DM patients (29.7%) had DR, of which 548 (27.3%) were nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy and 49 (2.4%) were proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Positive correlations were found between DR and duration of diabetes, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure, glycated hemoglobin, glycated albumin, 24 hurinary albumin excretion, peripheral atherosclerosis (PA), diabetes nephropathy (DN), diabetic peripheral neuropathy, and anemia. Negative correlations were found between DR and C-peptide and glomerular filtration rate. Logistic regression analysis revealed that duration of diabetes, SBP, DN, anemia, PA, and C-peptide were each independent risk factors of DR. Conclusion. The duration of diabetes, SBP, DN, anemia, and PA are positively associated with DR in Chinese T2DM patients, while C-peptide is negatively associated with DR. Monitoring and evaluation of these related factors will likely contribute to the prevention and treatment of DR.

Disability assessment of diabetic patients in Erbil city

“…28 This agrees with a retrospective, cross-sectional study done in China which found the mean duration of the disease among the sample was 8.05 years. 29 Regarding the level of disability among the present study, more than half of the sample had disability at the level of moderate. Several studies have shown that the patients with diabetes have greater impairments in mobility and more difficulties in performing basic activities of daily living than similarly aged non-diabetic people.…”

Microvascular effects of the inhibition of dipeptidylpeptidase IV by linagliptin in nondiabetic hypertensive patients

“…D iabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension are frequently associated with microvascular complications such as retinopathy and nephropathy [1,2]. In microvascular disease, endothelial dysfunction and alterations in microvascular blood flow precede the development of histopathological changes in the vascular wall and the development of tissue damage.…”

Serum uric acid and lipid profile in diabetic retinopathy in rural Haryana, India

“…In many studies dyslipidemia has not been found to be associated with diabetic retinopathy. [12][13][14] While many other remarkable studies have shown statistically significant association of hypercholesterolemia and LDL-cholesterol with severity of retinal hard exudates. 15,16 In our study statistically significant difference in the lipid profile except HDL was not found in diseased (group-I & group-II) group compared to controls (group-III).…”