Background and objective: The disabling effects of diabetes mellitus are multi-factorial, which can result in the high prevalence of long term complications. The aim of this study was to assess disability levels of diabetic patients. Methods: A quantitative design descriptive study was conducted in Leila Qasim Center in Erbil City in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq from February 2012 to February 2013. A non-probability purposive sample of 400 diabetic patients for more than 5 years was selected. A questionnaire was designed and divided into three parts: sociodemographic data, clinical data, and the standardized questionnaire developed by World Health Organization for disability assessment. Results: The highest percentage (57%) of diabetic patients had a moderate level of disability, while 23% had a mild level of disability. Severe level of disability was present in 20% of sample. No one had not disability or extreme level of disability. Conclusion: More than half of diabetic patients were in the moderate level of disability.
Purpose Aside from their oncology condition, cancer patients often experience many ancillary problems, including negative physical symptoms, social isolation, spiritual suffering, and often psychological distress. Supportive care services can be defined as services designed to help patients, their families, and caregivers with their experiences during the diagnosis, treatment, follow-up, and palliative stages of the cancer journey. In an extensive review of the literature, we identified no previous studies that have investigated the SCNs of cancer patients in Iraq or any other Middle Eastern countries. Therefore, this study aims to determine the SCNs of cancer patients in Iraq. Methods The present cross-sectional study and data was conducted in Rezgary teaching and Nankaly Oncology Hospital in the Kurdistan Federal Region of Iraq. A total of 300 eligible cancer patients were invited to participate in the study from February to August, 2018. Eligibility criteria included: 18 years or above; having a definite diagnosis of any type of cancer; physically or mentally able to participate in the study; and being aware of exact diagnosis for at least three months. Results In 15 items of the SCNs, more than 60% of the participants reported that their needs were unmet. Most frequently, unmet needs were related to health system and information, physical and daily living, psychological, and patient care and support domains, and most met needs were related to physical and daily activity domains. Conclusions Kurdish cancer patients had many unmet needs and there is a need for establishing additional supportive care services and educational programs to increase quality of life in Kurdistan Region- Iraq.
Aim of study: This study aims to assess the effectiveness of educational program on diabetic patients knowledge and practice regarding self-administration of insulin. Methodology: Quantitative, quasi-experimental study was conducted in Leila Qasim Center for Diabetes Care in Erbil City in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq in 15th June 2014 to 15th October 2014.Non-probability (purposive sample) was used for selection of 50 diabetic patients. Questionnaire and checklist were designed and divided into three parts; socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of diabetic patients, knowledge regarding insulin medication and the practice of insulin self-administration. Pilot study was conducted on 10 diabetic patients for obtaining the reliability of the study and it was statistically adequate)r = 0.885). The content validity was determined through 15 experts and all 15 experts agreed the content of the questionnaire and checklist with some changes. The data were analyzed through the SPSS software V.20 application, descriptive data analysis was done through frequency, percentage and mean. Inferential data analysis was done byt- test correlated one sample in two occasions (paired), it was used to test the significant differences between two variables x (test) and y (retest). Results: The study results show that the most of the study sample was between 18-31 years old, female, illiterate of urban area, and the highest percentage of the duration of disease was between 1-15 years and 1-10 years of the duration of the insulin management. The mean scores of the knowledge regarding insulin medication and insulin self-administration practice after the education program were increased in comparing between pre-test and post-test (p-value of t-test was very highly significant <0.001) which is related to the effectiveness of the education program. Recommendations: The study recommends that preparing educational programs to be implemented for all diabetic patients who have insulin medication and their caregivers.
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