Fabrication of Water Absorbing Nanofiber Meshes toward an Efficient Removal of Excess Water from Kidney Failure Patients

Abstract

Excellent water-absorbing nanofiber meshes were developed as a potential material for removing excess fluids from the blood of chronic renal failure patients toward a wearable blood purification system without requiring specialized equipment. The nanofiber meshes were successfully fabricated from poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) under various applied voltages by appropriately setting the electrospinning conditions. The electrospun PAA nanofibers were thermally crosslinked via heat treatment and then neutralized from their carboxylic acid form (PAA) to a sodium carboxylate form poly(sodium acrylate) (PSA). The PSA nanofiber meshes exhibited a specific surface area 393 times that of the PSA film. The PSA fiber meshes showed a much faster and higher swelling than its corresponding film, owing to the higher capillary forces from the fibers in addition to the water absorption of the PSA gel itself. The proposed PSA fibers have the potential to be utilized in a new approach to remove excess water from the bloodstream without requiring specialized equipment.

Cotton Cellulose-Derived Hydrogel and Electrospun Fiber as Alternative Material for Wound Dressing Application

“…The method was modified from Tsuge [ 25 ]. The dried composite samples obtained from the electrospinning process were cut into 1 cm × 1 cm pieces and weighed ( W d ).…”

Recent trends in therapeutic application of engineered blood purification materials for kidney disease

“…In addition to creatinine and urea, excess water should be removed through dialysis treatment. Tsuge et al developed a poly (sodium acrylate) (PSA) nanofiber mesh, which has the potential to be utilized as a new filter in a wearable blood purification system [ 91 ]. The strongly hydrophilic property of PSA is attributed to its pendent carboxylate anions.…”

Application of Advanced Nanomaterials for Kidney Failure Treatment and Regeneration

“…Electrospinning was used to synthetize the nanofiber meshes from poly (acrylic acid) (PAA) which was thermally crosslinked followed by neutralization of its carboxylic acid form (PAA) to sodium carboxylate form: poly(sodium acrylate) (PSA). The obtained PSA nanofiber meshes showed a great surface area and higher swelling compared to PSA film due to the presence of higher capillary forces compared to the PSA gel ( Figure 5 ) [ 128 ]. Although composite fibers are still not fully sufficient in adsorption ability, they are proposed as potential wearable blood purification systems in distinct situations [ 129 ].…”