Fabrication and properties of ceramic 1D nanostructures from preceramic polymers: a review

Abstract

This paper reviews different methodologies for the fabrication of various ceramic one-dimensional (1D) nanostructures (nanotubes/fibres/wires/belts, etc.) produced by using preceramic polymers. Diverse processing approaches together with a wide range of precursor types enable the fabrication of 1D nanostructures with varied morphology, composition, purity as well as yield. The strategies used are based on three different methods; starting with the utilisation of decomposition gases which are released upon pyrolysing the preceramic polymer precursors at high temperatures, with the absence or presence of a catalytic metal source. The second is the template modulated synthesis routes (i.e. infiltration of the polymeric precursor melt or solution inside a template porosity, polymer to ceramic conversion followed by the removal of the template), and the last strategy discussed is electrospinning.

SiC Foams Decorated with SnO2 Nanostructures for Room Temperature Gas Sensing

“…Most of the work in this field was focused on washcoating of commercial cellular components (such as honeycombs or foams) to synthesize carbon nanofibers/tubes (CNFs/CNTs), SiC, or Si 3 N 4 nanowires/fibers in the pores of the final materials . Another promising way is the use of preceramic polymers due to the great tailorability of their structures on a molecular scale and ease of processing . While the presence of 1‐D nanostructures does not add a “real” porosity to a dense material, it has been demonstrated that their presence may increase the specific surface area (SSA) and/or functionalize previously “inert” surface of the component .…”

Microstructures of the silicon carbide nanowires obtained by annealing the mechanically-alloyed amorphous powders

“…Spherical nanoparticles frequently exist on the nanowire tips, and this is often considered as the proof of the vapor-liquid-solid (V-L-S) growth mechanism [17]. Other mechanisms may also operate in the growth of the nanowires, such as the vapor-solid (V-S) process, the solution-liquidsolid (S-L-S) process, the oxide-aided growth (OAG) process, and the epitaxial growth process on crystal nucleuses [18][19][20]. Activated carbon, carbon nanotube, CCl 4 and CH 4 are popularly adopted as the carbon sources, but graphite is rarely used.…”

Immobilization of Poly(1,1-dimethysilacyclobutane) by Means of Anionic Ring-Opening Polymerization on Organic Nanoparticles and Reinvestigation of Crystallization

“…Polycarbosilanes (PCS) gained considerable attention in the last two decades, due to their interesting optoelectronic and heat-resistant applications, but most important are applications as oxygen-free ceramic precursors [1][2][3][4][5]. Recently, ordered mesoporous non-oxide materials [6], silicon carbide fibers [7] and ceramic foams [8] could be obtained by the so-called polymer precursor route of PCS and metal-substituted PCS derivatives after pyrolysis [9].…”