Eye tracking system for enhanced learning experiences

Abstract

Nowadays, we are living in a world where information is readily available and being able to provide the learner with the best suited situations and environment for his/her learning experiences is of utmost importance. In most learning environments, information is basically available in the form of written text. According to the eyetracking technology, eye movements, scanning patterns and pupil diameter are indicators of thought and mental processing involved during visual information extraction. Hence, learners can be supported and guided throughout their learning journey by the real-time information of the precise position of gaze and of pupil diameter. A proper interpretation and consequently an efficient monitoring or supervision of learners' eye movements by different methods of eye tracking may lead to an enhanced learning process and experience. This research gives an insight of the various existing techniques that contribute to the improvement of the learning mechanism through proposing a real time monitoring system using image processing and eye detection techniques. To portray such a robust mechanism, a multipronged eye tracking approach has been envisioned. The system is deployed with a first identification of the user's eyes followed by the detection of the iris and pupil movements of the latter. Subsequently, the information about the eyes and pupil movements were analysed and graphs were generated that helps in determining the interest and behaviour of the user. To evaluate the accuracy of the system, some user tests and various scenarios in different application domains have been performed by computing the tracking error rate and as a result it has been noticed that these tests yield to an acceptable efficiency rate and a True Acceptance Rate (TAR) of around 75 %. Moreover, the proposed system is a low cost system and can be compatible with any computer or laptop equipped with an ordinary web camera.

A systematic literature review of personalized learning terms

“…Preparing and implementing PLPs allows for adjusting the pace to individual learners, adjusting instructional methods to individual characteristics, and having different learning goals tailored to individual interests. Furthermore, Sungkur, Antoaroo and Beeharry (2016) suggested an eye-tracking system to determine the user's interest and behavior. The PLPs allow learning to be personally relevant, engaging, appropriate to the learners' capabilities, and respectful of individual differences, making learning useful and motivational.…”

АНАЛИЗ МЕЖДУНАРОДНОГО ОПЫТА И СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ ПЕРСОНАЛИЗИРОВАННЫХ (ИНДИВИДУАЛЬНЫХ) УСЛОВИЙ ОБУЧЕНИЯ// International Journal of Educational and Scientific Research 4(12), 2021/ Chief Editor K. Kumpulainen /OEAPS OU - Tallinn, Estonia (Open European Academy of Public Sciences). Vienna, Austria 30.04.2021: OEAPS OU., 2021. P. 45-79.

“…However, future research needs to focus on the components included in the definition of the term personalized adaptive learning and the components included in it. [30] proposed an eye-tracking system to detect user interest and behavior. PPE allows learning to be personal, fun, appropriate to learners' abilities and respect for individual differences, making learning rewarding and motivating.…”

“…Кроме того, Сунгкур, Антоару и Бихарри (2016 г. )[30] предложил систему слежения за глазами для определения интереса и поведения пользователя. ППО позволяют обучению быть личным, увлекательным, соответствующим способностям учащихся и уважением к индивидуальным различиям, что делает обучение полезным и мотивирующим.…”

International Journal of Educational and Scientific Research 4(12), 2021/ Chief Editor K. Kumpulainen /OEAPS OU - Tallinn, Estonia (Open European Academy of Public Sciences). Vienna, Austria 30.04.2021: OEAPS OU., 2021 - 116 P.

“…The preparation and implementation of PPE allows you to adjust the pace for individual students, adapt teaching methods to individual characteristics and set different learning goals, taking into account individual interests. In addition, Sungkur, Antoaru, and Biharri (2016) [30] proposed an eye-tracking system to detect user interest and behavior. PPE allows learning to be personal, fun, appropriate to learners' abilities and respect for individual differences, making learning rewarding and motivating.…”