External and internal load during small-sided games in soccer: use or not floaters

Asián-Clemente, Jose; Rabano-Muñoz, Alberto; Núñez, Francisco; Suárez-Arrones, Luis

doi:10.23736/s0022-4707.21.12103-6

Cited by 5 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Subjective methods, such as evaluation of the rate of perceived exertion (RPE) 11,15,26,27 , or objective methods, such as measurement of the heart rate (HR) or blood lactate (BLa) level, are used to quantify the ITL 14,16,26,28 . Previous studies have also shown relationships between the ETL measured using the GPS and ITL indices, such as the HR, RPE, or BLa level [29][30][31][32] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Few studies 36, 47-50 have analyzed changes in ABB indicators, such as the pH, base excess (BE) level, or HCO 3 ¯ level, in relation to the BLa level; no study has yet evaluated such changes in SSGs. In addition, previous works on the relationship between the ETL and ITL have based their evaluation on GPS readings and HR, RPE, or BLa level, respectively [29][30][31][32] . No study has yet evaluated the relationship between the activity pro les of athletes (e.g., maximum velocity [Vmax], player load, and distance covered) and blood ABB markers (e.g., pH, BE level, or HCO 3 ¯ level).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Heart rate and blood lactate level during short-bout small-sided game training have limited diagnostic value for internal training load among U18 male soccer players

Kryściak

Podgórski

Chmura

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study aimed to compare the effects of 1×1 small-sided games (SSGs) with different bout durations on external (ETL) and internal training loads (ITL) in youth soccer players. Twenty U18 players were divided into two groups performing six 1×1 SSGs with 30 and 45 s bout durations. ITL indices, including the percentage of maximum heart rate (HR), blood lactate (BLa) level, pH, bicarbonate (HCO3¯) level, and base excess (BE) level, were measured at rest, after each SSG bout, and 15 and 30 min after the entire exercise protocol. ETL (Global Positioning System metrics) was recorded during all six SSG bouts. The analysis showed that the 45 s SSGs had a greater volume but a lower training intensity than the 30 s SSGs. A significant time effect was observed in all ITL indices and a significant group effect in the HCO3¯ level only. Finally, the changes in the HR and HCO3¯ level were smaller in the 45 s SSGs than in the 30 s SSGs. In conclusion, the HR and BLa level during short-bout SSG training have limited diagnostic value for ITL. Extending ITL monitoring using other indicators, such as the HCO3¯ and BE levels, appears reasonable.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart rate and blood lactate level during short-bout small-sided game training have limited diagnostic value for internal training load among U18 male soccer players

Kryściak

Podgórski

Chmura

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, the literature has focused on transition games (TGs) as a specific tool to simulate these high-intensity actions 9 10 11 . TGs are training tasks in which players continuously engage in counter-attack situations, using fast attacking and defensive transitions 10 . Transitions or counter-attacks are crucial phases of the game, being identified as the most effective style of play for scoring goals, and more risks occur during these moments 12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar to sided games, these training tasks undergo modifications in their training load orientation depending on the manipulation of constraints 9 10 . With regard to bout duration, studies have demonstrated that shorter durations have a more significant impact on running at high speed and sprint running, leading to greater accelerations and decelerations compared to longer bouts 9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Influence of the Number of Players on the Load of Soccer Players During Transition Games

Asian-Clemente,

Rabano-Muñoz,

Requena

et al. 2024

Int J Sports Med

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aims of this study were to determine the effect of different compositions in transition games (TGs) on the load of soccer players and to evaluate their performance in physical tests. Using a GPS system, 18 players were monitored during: 3vs2, 2vs1 and 1vs1. Distance covered (DC), DC 18–20.9 km·h-1, 21–23.9 km·h-1,>24 km·h-1, peak speed, accelerations (Acc) and decelerations (Dec)>1.0 m·s-2 and>2.5 m·s-2 and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were recorded. Before and after each TG, countermovement-jump (CMJ), 15- (S15) and 30 m (S30) speed tests were assessed. TG3vs2 showed greater DC and Dec>1.0 m·s-2 than TG2vs1, and DC, DC 18.0–23.9 km·h-1, Acc>1.0 m·s-2 and Dec>2.5 m·s-2 than TG1vs1 (p<0.01). TG2vs1 achieved higher DC, DC 18.0–23.9 km·h-1, and Acc>2.5 m·s-2 (p<0.01) but lower peak speed (p=0.02) and RPE (p=0.02) than TG1vs1. Post-intervention, TG1vs1 showed lower CMJ and higher S15 (p=0.02), while TG3vs2, showed improvements in CMJ (p<0.01). The three tasks showed large variations for DC>24 km·h-1, Acc>1.0 m·s-2, Dec>1.0 m·s-2 and Dec>2.5 m·s-2. The load of TGs is sensitive to their player composition.

show abstract

Quantifying Exposure and Intra-Individual Reliability of High-Speed and Sprint Running During Sided-Games Training in Soccer Players: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Sided games (i.e., small sided, medium sided, large sided) involve tactical, technical, physical, and psychological elements and are commonly implemented in soccer training. Although soccer sided-games research is plentiful, a meta-analytical synthesis of external load exposure during sided games is lacking. Objective The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to: (1) synthesize the evidence on high-speed and sprint running exposure induced by sided games in adult soccer players, (2) establish pooled estimates and intra-individual reliability for high-speed and sprint running exposure, and (3) explore the moderating effects of game format and playing constraints. Methods A literature search was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines. Four databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science Core Collection) were systematically searched up to 25 January, 2022. Eligibility criteria were adult soccer players (population); training programs incorporating sided games (intervention); game manipulations including number of players, pitch dimension, and game orientation (comparator); and high-speed, very high-speed, and sprint relative (m$$\cdot$$ · min−1) running distances and associated intra-individual reliability (outcome). Eligible study risk of bias was evaluated using RoBANS. Pooled estimates for high-speed and sprint running exposure, and their intra-individual reliability, along with the moderating effect of tracking device running velocity thresholds, pitch dimension (i.e., area per player), and game orientation (i.e. score or possession), were determined via a multi-level mixed-effects meta-analysis. Estimate uncertainty is presented as 95% compatibility intervals (CIs) with the likely range of relative distances in similar future studies determined via 95% prediction intervals. Results A total of 104 and 7 studies met our eligibility criteria for the main and reliability analyses, respectively. The range of relative distances covered across small-sided games, medium-sided games, and large-sided games was 14.8 m$$\cdot$$ · min−1 (95% CI 12.3–17.4) to 17.2 m$$\cdot$$ · min−1 (95% CI 13.5–20.8) for high-speed running, 2.7 m$$\cdot$$ · min−1 (95% CI 1.8–3.5) to 3.6 m$$\cdot$$ · min−1 (95% CI 2.3–4.8) for very high-speed running, and 0.2 m$$\cdot$$ · min−1 (95% CI 0.1–0.4) to 0.7 m$$\cdot$$ · min−1 (95% CI 0.5–0.9) for sprinting. Across different game formats, 95% prediction intervals showed future exposure for high-speed, very high-speed running, and sprinting to be 0–46.5 m$$\cdot$$ · min−1, 0–14.2 m$$\cdot$$ · min−1, and 0–2.6 m$$\cdot$$ · min−1, respectively. High-speed, very high-speed running, and sprinting showed poor reliability with a pooled coefficient of variation of 22.8% with distances being moderated by device speed thresholds, pitch dimension, and game orientation. Conclusions This review is the first to provide a detailed synthesis of exposure and intra-individual reliability of high-speed and sprint running during soccer sided games. Our estimates, along with the moderating influence of common programming variables such as velocity thresholds, area per player, and game orientation should be considered for informed planning of small-sided games, medium-sided games, and large-sided games soccer training. Clinical Trial Registration Open Science Framework available through https://osf.io/a4xr2/.

show abstract

External and internal load during small-sided games in soccer: use or not floaters

Cited by 5 publications

References 23 publications

Heart rate and blood lactate level during short-bout small-sided game training have limited diagnostic value for internal training load among U18 male soccer players

Heart rate and blood lactate level during short-bout small-sided game training have limited diagnostic value for internal training load among U18 male soccer players

Influence of the Number of Players on the Load of Soccer Players During Transition Games

Quantifying Exposure and Intra-Individual Reliability of High-Speed and Sprint Running During Sided-Games Training in Soccer Players: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About