Extending the duration of ACTH-induced memory reactivation in an amnesic paradigm

Mactutus, Charles F.; Smith, Robert L.; Riccio, David C.

doi:10.1016/0031-9384(80)90249-8

Cited by 32 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In this section we will see that numerous and different types of information can be added to a memory trace after it has been reactivated Reactivation allows induction of retrograde amnesia for well-consolidated memory amnesic agents) have the same potential when given shortly after memory reactivation. For example, initial studies demonstrating amnesia for old memory emphasized that the memory must be previously reactivated (Misanin et al 1968;Mactutus et al 1979Mactutus et al , 1980. This cue-dependent amnesia was rediscovered more than 30 years later by Nader et al (2000) and resulted in an explosion of research aimed at defining molecular mechanisms thought to underlie reconsolidation (for review, see Sara and Hars 2006;Tronson and Taylor 2007;Nader and Hardt 2009).…”

Section: Reactivation Induces Malleability Of Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Memory reactivation effects independent of reconsolidation

Gisquet-Verrier¹,

Riccio²

2012

Learn. Mem.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Memory reactivation is an important process resulting from reexposure to salient training-related information whereby a memory is brought from an inactive to an active state. Reactivation is the first stage of memory retrieval but can result from the exposure to salient cues without any behavioral output. Such cue-induced reactivation, although frequently used by neuroscientists to study reconsolidation, has seldom been considered as a process in its own right and studied as such. This review presents arguments indicating that memory reactivation has two main consequences: (1) to enhance the accessibility of the target memory and (2) to make the memory malleable. Accordingly, reactivation creates a transient state during which the content of the memory is easily accessible and can be modified and/or updated. As both of these aspects can be observed shortly after memory reactivation, this review emphasizes that reconsolidation is not necessarily required for these processes and calls attention to reactivation as a factor in the dynamics of the memory.Memory retrieval is a complex (multistage) process through which previously acquired information can be used, leading to a behavioral output. Memory reactivation is the first component of retrieval corresponding to the process through which a memory is triggered from a latent state to a state in which it can be retrieved. Reactivation is generated by cues that are either external or self-generated and occurs in two general conditions. First, reactivation is required for retrieval and for every operation that enlarges or modifies previous knowledge. This includes retraining, when coherent supplementary information is provided, extinction when the previously learned response is no longer reinforced, and more generally, all rule-shiftings, i.e., when the contingency governing the response is changed. As a result, reactivation is largely embedded with retrieval and this probably explains why these two terms are often used interchangeably in the literature.

show abstract

Section: Reactivation Induces Malleability Of Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Memory reactivation effects independent of reconsolidation

Gisquet-Verrier¹,

Riccio²

2012

Learn. Mem.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Animals trained with the drug and tested without show poor retention, while those receiving drug treatment before both training and test, show good retention. Pretest treatment with hormones released during stress, such as adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) (Mactutus et al 1980), opioids (Izquierdo 1984), epinephrine (Izquierdo and McGaugh 1987), and vasopressin Almedia and Izquierdo 1984) has been shown to effectively reinstate memory for aversive events, both after experimental amnesia and in normal forgetting. A widely accepted interpretation of these results is that the hormone treatment reinstates the internal context of training that then facilitates access to the target memory, in much the same way that an exogenous contextual cue does (see Spear 1974;Riccio and Concannon 1981;McGaugh 1983;Izquierdo 1984).…”

Section: State-dependent Retrievalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrieval and Reconsolidation: Toward a Neurobiology of Remembering

Sara¹

2000

Learn. Mem.

840

580

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Rigter, Van Riezen, and deWied (1974) demonstrated that CO2-induced retrograde amnesia (RA) for a passive avoidance task could be attenuated by injecting ACTH 4 _ 10 shortly prior to the retention test. Similarly, Mactutus, Smith, and Riccio (1980) demonstrated the alleviation of hypothermia-induced RA This research was supported by Grant MH37535 to D.C.R. Reprints may be obtained from either of the first two authors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…These later investigators also found that injecting ACTH shortly prior to a cuing exposure (a brief nonreinforced exposure to the originally established fear cues) extended the duration of memory recovery. Typically, ACTH administration produces a transient recovery (several hours or less) of the amnestic memory (Mactutus, Smith, & Riccio, 1980, Experiment 2), but subjects that had been injected with ACTH shortly prior to a cuing treatment exhibited recovery of the amnestic memory for 7 (but not 14) days (Mactutus, Smith, & Riccio, 1980, Experiment 3).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

ACTH-induced recovery of extinguished avoidance responding

1984

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In addition to prolonging the resistance to extinction of aversively motivated behavior, administration of ACTH at' testing has been shown to alleviate retention deficits associated with several types of paradigms (e.g., retrograde amnesia, Kamin effect). To determine whether comparable recovery could be induced by ACTH with respect to a previously extinguished avoidance response, four experiments using rats were conducted. In each, decrements in avoidance responding produced by extinction were alleviated by exogenous ACTH. For three reasons, the observed effects of ACTH on rats' avoidance behavior were judged to be on memory processes rather than simply an alteration in motor behavior. First, pretest administration of ACTH was effective in alleviating performance deficits after extinction in both active (Experiment 1) and passive (Experiments 2-4) avoidance tasks. Second, administration of ACTH had no effect on the behavior of shocked, but untrained, subjects (Experiment 3). Finally, the ACTH-induced recovery was relatively durable in that it persisted for at least 24 h (Experiments 3-4).This durability of the ACTH-induced recovery of avoidance was unexpected in terms of an interpretation emphasizing the state-dependent nature of the present paradigm. The data extend previous findings and are discussed in relation to other research on memory recovery.

show abstract

Extending the duration of ACTH-induced memory reactivation in an amnesic paradigm

Cited by 32 publications

References 30 publications

Memory reactivation effects independent of reconsolidation

Memory reactivation effects independent of reconsolidation

Retrieval and Reconsolidation: Toward a Neurobiology of Remembering

ACTH-induced recovery of extinguished avoidance responding

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About