Expression of HMGR and corresponding cholesterol content in tissues of two pig breeds

Abstract

The 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR) is an essential enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. To study the expression of HMGR and corresponding cholesterol content in liver, adipose and muscle, six Chinese local breed (Huai pig) and Landrace pigs were selected. The results indicated that significant differences of cholesterol content in adipose ( P , 0.01), liver ( P , 0.05) and muscle ( P , 0.01) tissues were detected between pigs of differing genetic backgrounds. HMGR mRNA expression were noted for adipose, liver and muscle of the two vastly differing genetics. Moreover cholesterol content differed ( P , 0.01) among tissues across breed. Likewise, HMGR mRNA expression was different between adipose and liver tissues, muscle and liver tissues in both breeds; however, no difference was noted between adipose and muscle tissues. Results from this study indicate that cholesterol content and HMGR mRNA expression are higher in Huai pig tissues suggesting this gene is expressed in a breed-and tissue-dependent manner in pigs. Understanding the causes of variation in HMGR gene expression may provide crucial information about cholesterol biosynthesis.

Molecular cloning, tissue expression and protein structure prediction of the porcine 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGR) gene

“…There is a 107-fold difference between these two tissues (data not shown), suggesting that HMGR gene plays an important role in the liver. HMGR is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis, we therefore speculated that the liver was likely to be a major site of cholesterol synthesis, which was consistent with the results of Romos et al (Romos et al, 1971)and with the reports in Huai and Landrace pigs (Liu et al, 2009), human and chicken (Sato et al, 2003). In addition, the high levels of expression in heart, kidney, bladder, and subcutaneous fat indicates that HMGR gene also plays important roles in those tissues.…”

Dietary Lactic Acid Bacteria Modulate Yolk Components and Cholesterol Metabolism by Hmgr Pathway in Laying Hens

“…Cholesterol biosynthesis de novo, is largely controlled by a crucial rate limiting enzyme HMGR. This enzyme is controlled by four distinct mechanisms: feed-back inhibition, control of gene expression, rate of enzyme degradation and phosphorylationdephosphorylation (DeBose-Boyd, 2008;Liu et al, 2009). The present study measured the mRNA expression of HMGR and related genes including PPP2CA, PPP2CB, PPP3CA, PRKAA1, PRKAA2, and STK11, and found that dietary LAB dose above 3 × 10 7 cfu/kg significantly downregulated the expression of these genes in the liver.…”

Effects of Genotype on Pig Carcass, Meat Quality and Consumer Sensory Evaluation of Loins and Bellies

“…However, other authors have reported discrepant results. The representative of lean breeds, Landrace, had less cholesterol compared to Mangalitsa pigs [ 55 ] and Chinese Huai pigs [ 56 ]. Large White also showed a lower content of cholesterol than Zlotnicka spotted, Pulawska and Mangalitsa pigs [ 10 ].…”

“…Large White also showed a lower content of cholesterol than Zlotnicka spotted, Pulawska and Mangalitsa pigs [ 10 ]. Although cholesterol can be derived from dietary sources and synthesised by the liver, different cholesterol biosyntheses can also be expressed by the pig genotype [ 56 ].…”

“…Large White also showed a lower content of cholesterol than Zlotnicka spotted, Pulawska and Mangalitsa pigs [10]. Although cholesterol can be derived from dietary sources and synthesised by the liver, different cholesterol biosyntheses can also be expressed by the pig genotype [56]. The ultimate pH of lean hybrid pig meat was lower (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively) compared with the meat of fatty LW and LIW pigs (Table 5).…”