Expression of Class II Antigens on Peripheral Nerve Allografts

Yu, Leonard T.; Hickey, William F.; Silvers, William S.; LaRossa, Don; Rostami, Abdolmohamad

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1988.tb27139.x

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…36 Additional work revealed that Schwann cells are the main immunogenic material within the nerve allograft 37,38 and that these likely display major histocompatibility complex type II on their cell surface. 39 Others found that both major histocompatibility complexes I and II are important and cellular elements such as vascular endothelial cells and Schwann cells within the graft combine to trigger the immune response. 40 Recipient cells that are responsible for mounting the antigraft response include helper T cells, 41 cytoxic T cells, and, to a lesser extent, macrophages.…”

Section: The Regeneration Of Peripheral Nervesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experience with Nerve Allograft Transplantation

Fox

Mackinnon

2007

Seminars in Plastic Surgery

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Nerve allograft transplantation should be used for the repair of devastating peripheral nerve injuries that cannot be reconstructed through traditional means such as autologous nerve grafting or nerve transfer procedures. The risks of required systemic immunosuppression, although only temporary for nerve allograft recipients, preclude widespread use of this treatment modality. Translational research has led to several advancements in this field including the use of preoperative allograft cold preservation in University of Wisconsin organ preservation solution and inclusion of tacrolimus as part of the immunosuppressive regimen. Investigation of how to further diminish nerve allograft immunogenicity, speed neuroregeneration by use of agents such as tacrolimus, and promote preferential motor regeneration will further advance this field with the goal of restoring optimal function while minimizing patient morbidity.

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Section: The Regeneration Of Peripheral Nervesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experience with Nerve Allograft Transplantation

Fox

Mackinnon

2007

Seminars in Plastic Surgery

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“…Experimental evidence also shows that peripheral nerve Schwann cells are the main antigen-presenting cells (9–12). The allogeneic nerve transplanted in endothelial cells and macrophages are also antigen-presenting cells (13). A certain amount of MHC II expression is present in endothelial cells subjected to immune rejection (14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in T lymphocyte subsets and intracellular cytokines after transfer of chemically extracted acellular nerve allografts

Lin

et al. 2012

Molecular Medicine Reports

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The aim of the present study was to observe the immune mechanism underlying the rejection of chemically extracted acellular nerve allografts for use in clinical applications. A total of 128 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into a negative contrast group (NC, 32 mice), a fresh autograft group (AG, 32 mice), a fresh allogeneic nerve group (FN, 32 mice) and a chemically extracted acellular allogeneic nerve group (CEN, 32 mice). Various types of nerve grafts were implanted into the thigh muscle of BALB/C mice in the corresponding groups. At 3, 7, 14 and 28 days post-operation, the mice (8 cases from each group) were sacrificed and their spleens were extracted. The spleens were ground into paste. The erythrocytes and other cells were lysed using distilled water and the T lymphocytes were collected. Monoclonal antibodies (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD25, IL-2, IFN-γ and TNF-α) were then added to the solution. The Facial Action Coding System was used to determine the positive rates of the cells combined with the monoclonal antibodies above. No significant statistical differences were observed between the CEN, NC and AG groups. However, some data of the FN group were significantly higher than those of the other groups at the corresponding time. No obvious immune rejections were observed among the chemically extracted acellular nerve allografts compared with fresh nerve autograft.

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“…More likely, the removal of Schwann cells during human nerve tissue processing decreases the immunogenicity of the graft tissue significantly enough that it can be safely implanted as allograft and probably blunts the immune response even across species (Jia et al, 2012;Zhang et al, 2010). Schwann cells express major histocompatibility complex class II antigens (Evans et al, 1994) and have been shown to initiate and augment T cell mediated rejection (Yu et al, 1988). The actual immunologic response to the acellular xenographic extra cellular matrix of nerve tissue is less well understood and seems to differ across species (Kvist et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%