Exposure assessment to paralytic shellfish toxins through the shellfish consumption in Korea

Shin, Choonshik; Jo, Hye-Jin; Kim, Sheen-Hee; Kang, Gil-Jin

doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2018.03.061

Cited by 23 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…NODs were reported only in China [146] and Turkey [138]. STXs were reported in China [147], Korea [148], India [149], Singapore [150], Bangladesh [151] and Turkey [152]. ATXs have been found in Korea [153], Qatar [154], India [149], China, Japan and Turkey [138].…”

Section: Distribution Of Cyanotoxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Diversity of Cyanobacterial Toxins on Structural Characterization, Distribution and Identification: A Systematic Review

Liu

Yuan

et al. 2019

Toxins

114

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The widespread distribution of cyanobacteria in the aquatic environment is increasing the risk of water pollution caused by cyanotoxins, which poses a serious threat to human health. However, the structural characterization, distribution and identification techniques of cyanotoxins have not been comprehensively reviewed in previous studies. This paper aims to elaborate the existing information systematically on the diversity of cyanotoxins to identify valuable research avenues. According to the chemical structure, cyanotoxins are mainly classified into cyclic peptides, alkaloids, lipopeptides, nonprotein amino acids and lipoglycans. In terms of global distribution, the amount of cyanotoxins are unbalanced in different areas. The diversity of cyanotoxins is more obviously found in many developed countries than that in undeveloped countries. Moreover, the threat of cyanotoxins has promoted the development of identification and detection technology. Many emerging methods have been developed to detect cyanotoxins in the environment. This communication provides a comprehensive review of the diversity of cyanotoxins, and the detection and identification technology was discussed. This detailed information will be a valuable resource for identifying the various types of cyanotoxins which threaten the environment of different areas. The ability to accurately identify specific cyanotoxins is an obvious and essential aspect of cyanobacterial research.

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Section: Distribution Of Cyanotoxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Diversity of Cyanobacterial Toxins on Structural Characterization, Distribution and Identification: A Systematic Review

Liu

Yuan

et al. 2019

Toxins

114

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“…The CD spectra were obtained to observe the conformational change of the aptamer caused by the binding to the target molecule using a CD spectrometer (J-815, JASCO Inc., Oklahoma City, OK, USA) [2,3]. Each sample, including the aptamer and the aptamer/STX, was prepared in the working buffer.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Marine biotoxins accumulate in seafood through the aquatic food chain [1,2]. They cause various types of poisoning, such as amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP), diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP), and paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP), depending on the type of toxin [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Label-Free Direct Detection of Saxitoxin Based on a Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Aptasensor

Park

Lee

et al. 2019

Toxins

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Seafood is an emerging health food, and interest in improving the quality of seafood is increasing. Saxitoxin (STX) is a neurotoxin produced by marine dinoflagellates that is accumulated in seafood. It can block the neuronal transmission between nerves and muscle cell membranes, resulting in the disturbance of neuromuscular transmission and subsequent voluntary muscle paralysis. Here, we developed a new aptamer for the detection of STX using graphene oxide–systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (GO-SELEX). Furthermore, we confirmed sensitivity and selectivity of the developed aptamer specific to STX using a localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensor. The sensing chip was fabricated by fixing the new STX aptamer immobilized on the gold nanorod (GNR) substrate. The STX LSPR aptasensor showed a broad, linear detection range from 5 to 10,000 μg/L, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 2.46 μg/L (3σ). Moreover, it was suitable for the detection of STX (10, 100, and 2000 μg/L) in spiked mussel samples and showed a good recovery rate (96.13–116.05%). The results demonstrated that the new STX aptamer-modified GNR chip was sufficiently sensitive and selective to detect STX and can be applied to real samples as well. This LSPR aptasensor is a simple, label-free, cost-effective sensing system with a wide detectable range.

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“…Paralytic shell sh toxins (PSTs) are mainly produced by marine dino agellates, such as Alexandrium, Gymnodinium, and Gonuaulax spp, and accumulated in lter-feeding bivalves (Liu et al, 2004;Asakawa et al,2006;Shin et al, 2018). Bivalves commonly contaminated with PSTs include saltwater clams (Meretrix lyrata, Siliqua patula, Paphi subtriangulata, Saxidomus giganteus), mussels (Perna viridis, Mytilus edulis), scallops (Amusium pleuonectes, Mimachlamys nobilis, Argopecten irradians), oysters Crassostrea rivularis), sea snail (Haliotis tuberculate) and crab (Zosimus aeneus), among other edible marine organisms (Bricelj & Shumway, 1998;Tan & Ransangan, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary exposure assessment of paralytic shellfish toxins through shellfish consumption in Shenzhen population, China

Zhou

Zhang

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Paralytic shell sh toxins (PSTs) produced by certain marine dino agellates accumulate in lter-feeding marine bivalves. We used LC-MS/MS to detect and quantify 13 PSTs in 188 shell sh samples of 14 species collected from Shenzhen city's Buji seafood wholesale market from March 2019 to February 2020. Twenty-six of 188 shell sh samples (13.8%) were PST-positive, with highest values in samples of the Noble clam Chlamys nobilis (10/34, 29.4%). Samples originating from Nan'ao island among 11 source sites in China recorded the highest detected rate (7/17, 41.2%). Samples containing PSTs were concentrated in Spring and Winter, with the highest levels in March > December > January. Among PSTs detected, C1 was dominant. Acute dietary exposure assessments for Shenzhen residents were based on P 99 consumption data (139.2g/day) and maximum PST concentration for each shell sh species. The outcome for Chlamys nobilis was 2.4 ~ 3.7-fold higher than recommended ARfDs (0.5 ~ 0.7 µg STX eq./kg bw/day). Mean PST concentration (10.9 ~ 134.1 µg STX Eq. /kg), mean shell sh consumption (4.8 g/day) and P 99 consumption data were used to assess chronic dietary exposure. The results were lower than the recommended ARfDs. In conclusion, residents in Shenzhen are at risk for acute PST poisoning, while relatively safe from chronic PST exposure.

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Exposure assessment to paralytic shellfish toxins through the shellfish consumption in Korea

Cited by 23 publications

References 13 publications

The Diversity of Cyanobacterial Toxins on Structural Characterization, Distribution and Identification: A Systematic Review

The Diversity of Cyanobacterial Toxins on Structural Characterization, Distribution and Identification: A Systematic Review

Label-Free Direct Detection of Saxitoxin Based on a Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Aptasensor

Dietary exposure assessment of paralytic shellfish toxins through shellfish consumption in Shenzhen population, China

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