Exploring the Relationship between Educational Field and Transition to Parenthood--An Analysis of Women and Men in Western Germany

Oppermann, Anja

doi:10.1093/esr/jcu070

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…This approach allowed the authors to separate the effect of educational participation from the effect of educational attainment. The most significant innovations that followed in the field were applications that accounted for individual specific heterogeneity (Gottard, Mattei, and Vignoli 2015), models that paid attention to the selection into a field of education (Begall and Mills 2012;Oppermann 2014), and models that considered educational choice and birth dynamics as simultaneous processes (Upchurch, Lillard, and Panis 2002;Tesching 2012). Models that were able to draw upon couple data, and thus included the partner's educational characteristics in the analysis, also helped researchers gain a better understanding of the role of female education in birth progression (Bauer and Jacob 2010;Nitsche et al 2015).…”

Section: Context and Previous Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fertility progression in Germany: An analysis using flexible nonparametric cure survival models

Bremhorst¹,

Kreyenfeld²,

Lambert³

2016

DemRes

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Section: Context and Previous Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fertility progression in Germany: An analysis using flexible nonparametric cure survival models

Bremhorst¹,

Kreyenfeld²,

Lambert³

2016

DemRes

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“…This risk might be particularly high in technical fields when important developments are missed during a break (Hoem et al 2006a). Occupational specificity refers to the fact that some educational fields are more likely to lead to a certain occupation than others (Oppermann 2014). Despite the close link between education and occupation in western Germany, fields such as the arts, humanities, or social sciences do not normally prepare people for specific occupations, unlike, for instance, medicine or law.…”

Section: A Brief Argument: Why the Field Is Of Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, the existing research on education and fertility has been enriched by studies that take into account the educational field in addition to the educational level (Lappegård and Rønsen 2005;Hoem et al 2006a;Hoem et al 2006b;Martín-García and Baizán 2006;Neyer and Hoem 2008;Rønsen and Skrede 2010;Van Bavel 2010;Begall and Mills 2012;Michelmore and Musick 2014;Oppermann 2014). All of the above studies have found an impact of the field that is independent of the level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Educational field and fertility in western Germany: an analysis of women born between 1955 and 1959

Oppermann¹

2018

Populationyearbook

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The existing research on education and fertility has been enriched by studies that take into account educational field in addition to educational level. The present paper adds western Germany, which has exceptionally high levels of childlessness, to the list of cases for which comparable research has been conducted. The association between educational attainment, childlessness, and ultimate fertility among women born between 1955 and 1959 is examined using data from the 2008 German Microcensus. Despite the strong association with the level of education, childlessness also varies by educational field in western Germany. Consistent with findings from other countries, the results show that women educated in teaching and health care have the lowest rates of childlessness at each educational level, while women educated in administration, economics or social sciences have the highest levels of childlessness. Educational field and level account equally for variation in ultimate fertility.

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“…A growing strand of research focuses on the role of the field of study in order to understand the mechanisms that link education and fertility (Cooney and Uhlenberg 1989;Lappegård and Rønsen 2005;Andersson 2006a, 2006b;Martín-García 2009;Van Bavel 2010;Lappegård, Rønsen, and Skrede 2011;Tesching 2012;Begall and Mills 2013;Oppermann 2014). In the literature the field of study has been considered because of its close affinity to an individual's future occupation (Ohlsson-Wijk 2015a).…”

Section: Field Of Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender differences and similarities in the educational gradient in fertility: The role of earnings potential and gender composition in study disciplines

Trimarchi¹,

Bavel²

2018

DemRes

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BACKGROUND While women's participation in higher education has caught up with and surpassed that of men, large gender differences persist in the choice of field of study. To date, we know little about the mechanisms that explain the link between fertility and study disciplines for both men and women. OBJECTIVE To study gender differences in the effect on fertility of earnings potential and gender composition in study disciplines. METHODS We used European Labor Force Survey (EU-LFS) data and OLS models to estimate earnings potential. Next, we linked these estimates to the Generations and Gender Surveys (GGS) of six countries and applied piecewise linear hazard models to analyze the transition to first and second births jointly. RESULTS We found heterogeneity across countries, but within countries the mechanisms tend to be similar for both men and women. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that the drivers of men's and women's family behavior may be more similar than is often expected. Societal changes that have occurred in the last three decades may lead to a stronger role for men in fertility decision-making, which may remain unnoticed if we continue to focus only on women. Trimarchi & Van Bavel: Gender differences and similarities in the educational gradient in fertility 382 http://www.demographic-research.org CONTRIBUTION This study expands our knowledge of the relationship between men's education and fertility. It also broadens our understanding of the effect of the field of study on the fertility of both men and women by considering two characteristics of the study discipline: earnings potential and gender composition. http://www.demographic-research.org 2.1 Level of education Microeconomic theories predict that education and fertility have opposite associations for men and women (Cigno and Ermisch 1989; Becker 1991; Gustafsson 2001). Following the male-breadwinner model, the price effect is more characteristic of the relationship between education and fertility among women, since childbearing leads to a reduction of time spent in the paid labor market. The income effect-i.e., higher i n c o m e m a k i n g i t p o s s i b l e t o a f f o r d t h e m o n e t a r y c o s t s o f h a v i n g c h i l d r e npredominates among men, since they are supposed to be the main breadwinners. A family model that is built on the specialization and gender division of labor presupposes compensatory roles for housework and paid work between partners, which is why opposite effects of education on fertility are expected for men and women. Scholars have also highlighted mechanisms that are not necessarily specific to men or women. The income effect, usually considered positive, may turn null or even negative. This is because highly educated parents may want to invest more in their children and thus perceive raising an additional child as too expensive. However, highly educated people tend to have more resources (e.g., bigger social networks, financial means to outsource childcare and housework) and skills that can lower the opportun...

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Exploring the Relationship between Educational Field and Transition to Parenthood--An Analysis of Women and Men in Western Germany

Cited by 11 publications

References 36 publications

Fertility progression in Germany: An analysis using flexible nonparametric cure survival models

Fertility progression in Germany: An analysis using flexible nonparametric cure survival models

Educational field and fertility in western Germany: an analysis of women born between 1955 and 1959

Gender differences and similarities in the educational gradient in fertility: The role of earnings potential and gender composition in study disciplines

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