Exploring the Diversity of Arcobacter butzleri from Cattle in the UK Using MLST and Whole Genome Sequencing

Merga, J. Yvette; Williams, Nicola; Miller, William G.; Leatherbarrow, A. J. H.; Bennett, Malcolm J.; Hall, Neil; Ashelford, Kevin E.; Winstanley, Craig

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0055240

Cited by 44 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…A. butzleri was the most common organism isolated in dairy farms when compared to other Arcobacter species which may be attributed to the ability of this organism to thrive in different environmental conditions (Golla et al 2002;Giacometti et al 2015). Merga et al (2011Merga et al ( , 2013 reported prevalence of 43% from feces of cattle and 40% from feces of sheep in United Kingdom. A study in Belgium reported prevalence of 59% to 85% Arcobacter from fecal samples of pigs (Van Driessche et al 2004).…”

Section: Epidemiology and Transmission In Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arcobacter: an emerging food-borne zoonotic pathogen, its public health concerns and advances in diagnosis and control – a comprehensive review

Ramees

Dhama

Karthik

et al. 2017

Veterinary Quarterly

135

130

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Arcobacter has emerged as an important food-borne zoonotic pathogen, causing sometimes serious infections in humans and animals. Newer species of Arcobacter are being incessantly emerging (presently 25 species have been identified) with novel information on the evolutionary mechanisms and genetic diversity among different Arcobacter species. These have been reported from chickens, domestic animals (cattle, pigs, sheep, horses, dogs), reptiles (lizards, snakes and chelonians), meat (poultry, pork, goat, lamb, beef, rabbit), vegetables and from humans in different countries. Arcobacters are implicated as causative agents of diarrhea, mastitis and abortion in animals, while causing bacteremia, endocarditis, peritonitis, gastroenteritis and diarrhea in humans. Three species including A. butzleri, A. cryaerophilus and A. skirrowii are predominantly associated with clinical conditions. Arcobacters are primarily transmitted through contaminated food and water sources. Identification of Arcobacter by biochemical tests is difficult and isolation remains the gold standard method. Current diagnostic advances have provided various molecular methods for efficient detection and differentiation of the Arcobacters at genus and species level. To overcome the emerging antibiotic resistance problem there is an essential need to explore the potential of novel and alternative therapies. Strengthening of the diagnostic aspects is also suggested as in most cases Arcobacters goes unnoticed and hence the exact epidemiological status remains uncertain. This review updates the current knowledge and many aspects of this important food-borne pathogen, namely etiology, evolution and emergence, genetic diversity, epidemiology, the disease in animals and humans, public health concerns, and advances in its diagnosis, prevention and control.

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Section: Epidemiology and Transmission In Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arcobacter: an emerging food-borne zoonotic pathogen, its public health concerns and advances in diagnosis and control – a comprehensive review

Ramees

Dhama

Karthik

et al. 2017

Veterinary Quarterly

135

130

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“…It has a wide range of habitats and hosts and is ubiquitous in animals and the environment (1). Some Arcobacter species have recently been recognized as potential emerging enteropathogens (2).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…in cattle or dairy farm animals used for food production (1,7,9,12,13), but few surveys have investigated the variability of excretion of Arcobacter species within a single herd, the carriage of these bacteria by individual cows over time, or their transmission among cows and between cows and their environment.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Arcobacter butzleri, Arcobacter cryaerophilus, and Arcobacter skirrowii Circulation in a Dairy Farm and Sources of Milk Contamination

Giacometti¹,

Lucchi²,

Francesco³

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Even though dairy cows are known carriers of Arcobacter species and raw or minimally processed foods are recognized as the main sources of human Arcobacter infections in industrialized countries, data on Arcobacter excretion patterns in cows and in milk are scant. This study aimed to identify potentially pathogenic Arcobacter species in a dairy herd and to investigate the routes of Arcobacter transmission among animals and the potential sources of cattle infection and milk contamination. A strategy of sampling the same 50 dairy animals, feed, water, and milk every month for a 10-month period, as well as the sampling of quarter milk, animal teats, the milking environment, and animals living on the farm (pigeons and cats), was used to evaluate, by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), the characteristic patterns in animals, their living environment, and the raw milk they produced. Of the 463 samples collected, 105 (22.6%) were positive for Arcobacter spp. by culture examination. All the matrices except quarter milk and pigeon gut samples were positive, with prevalences ranging from 15 to 83% depending on the sample. Only three Arcobacter species, Arcobacter cryaerophilus (54.2%), A. butzleri (34.2%), and A. skirrowii (32.3%), were detected. PFGE analysis of 370 isolates from positive samples provided strong evidence of Arcobacter circulation in the herd: cattle likely acquire the microorganisms by orofecal transmission, either by direct contact or from the environment, or both. Water appears to be a major source of animal infection. Raw milk produced by the farm and collected from a bulk tank was frequently contaminated (80%) by A. butzleri; our PFGE findings excluded primary contamination of milk, whereas teats and milking machine surfaces could be sources of Arcobacter milk contamination.

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“…have been isolated in the dairy chain from fecal samples of dairy animals (18)(19)(20)(21)(22), from milk filters (23), and from raw milk (10,24,25). Recent investigations demonstrated the ability of A. butzleri and A. cryaerophilus to survive during the shelf life of dairy products (26,27), reporting isolation of A. butzleri in an artisanal ready-to-eat water buffalo ricotta cheese and in the environments of both artisanal and industrial dairy plants (10)(11)(12).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Arcobacter butzleri in Sheep Ricotta Cheese at Retail and Related Sources of Contamination in an Industrial Dairy Plant

Scarano

Giacometti

Manfreda³

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Exploring the Diversity of Arcobacter butzleri from Cattle in the UK Using MLST and Whole Genome Sequencing

Cited by 44 publications

References 35 publications

Arcobacter: an emerging food-borne zoonotic pathogen, its public health concerns and advances in diagnosis and control – a comprehensive review

Arcobacter: an emerging food-borne zoonotic pathogen, its public health concerns and advances in diagnosis and control – a comprehensive review

Arcobacter butzleri, Arcobacter cryaerophilus, and Arcobacter skirrowii Circulation in a Dairy Farm and Sources of Milk Contamination

Arcobacter butzleri in Sheep Ricotta Cheese at Retail and Related Sources of Contamination in an Industrial Dairy Plant

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