Arcobacter butzleri in Sheep Ricotta Cheese at Retail and Related Sources of Contamination in an Industrial Dairy Plant

Scarano, Christian; Giacometti, Federica; Manfreda, Gerardo; Lucchi, Alex; Pes, Emanuela; Spanu, Carlo; Santis, E.P.L. De; Serraino, Andrea

doi:10.1128/aem.02491-14

Cited by 22 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Study conducted by Giacometti et al (2014) showed that A. butzleri and A. cryaerophilus survived for a period of six days in milk stored at 4 C and 10 C. Hence, it was concluded that milk can serve as an efficient source of Arcobacter infection to humans. The organism also survived during processing and storage of water buffalo mozzarella cheese, fresh village cheese and sheep ricotta cheese (Serraino et al 2013a;Yesilmen et al 2014;Scarano et al 2014). Studies showed that Arcobacter was also isolated from inline milk filters used in farms (Serraino et al 2013b).…”

Section: Food-borne Transmission and Prevalencesmentioning

confidence: 97%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Arcobacter: an emerging food-borne zoonotic pathogen, its public health concerns and advances in diagnosis and control – a comprehensive review

Ramees

Dhama

Karthik

et al. 2017

Veterinary Quarterly

135

130

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Arcobacter has emerged as an important food-borne zoonotic pathogen, causing sometimes serious infections in humans and animals. Newer species of Arcobacter are being incessantly emerging (presently 25 species have been identified) with novel information on the evolutionary mechanisms and genetic diversity among different Arcobacter species. These have been reported from chickens, domestic animals (cattle, pigs, sheep, horses, dogs), reptiles (lizards, snakes and chelonians), meat (poultry, pork, goat, lamb, beef, rabbit), vegetables and from humans in different countries. Arcobacters are implicated as causative agents of diarrhea, mastitis and abortion in animals, while causing bacteremia, endocarditis, peritonitis, gastroenteritis and diarrhea in humans. Three species including A. butzleri, A. cryaerophilus and A. skirrowii are predominantly associated with clinical conditions. Arcobacters are primarily transmitted through contaminated food and water sources. Identification of Arcobacter by biochemical tests is difficult and isolation remains the gold standard method. Current diagnostic advances have provided various molecular methods for efficient detection and differentiation of the Arcobacters at genus and species level. To overcome the emerging antibiotic resistance problem there is an essential need to explore the potential of novel and alternative therapies. Strengthening of the diagnostic aspects is also suggested as in most cases Arcobacters goes unnoticed and hence the exact epidemiological status remains uncertain. This review updates the current knowledge and many aspects of this important food-borne pathogen, namely etiology, evolution and emergence, genetic diversity, epidemiology, the disease in animals and humans, public health concerns, and advances in its diagnosis, prevention and control.

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Section: Food-borne Transmission and Prevalencesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…oral route of transmission play an important role in establishing infection to cattle (Shah et al 2013;Scarano et al 2014). Shirzad Aski et al (2016) reported the occurrence of Arcobacter spp.…”

Section: Epidemiology and Transmission In Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arcobacter: an emerging food-borne zoonotic pathogen, its public health concerns and advances in diagnosis and control – a comprehensive review

Ramees

Dhama

Karthik

et al. 2017

Veterinary Quarterly

135

130

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“…In the specific case of the dairy chain, Arcobacter spp. have been isolated from fecal samples of dairy animals (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13), in-line milk filters (14), cow and water buffalo milk (15)(16)(17)(18)(19), cheeses, and the cheese-processing environment (19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Arcobacter butzleri, Arcobacter cryaerophilus, and Arcobacter skirrowii Circulation in a Dairy Farm and Sources of Milk Contamination

Giacometti¹,

Lucchi²,

Francesco³

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Even though dairy cows are known carriers of Arcobacter species and raw or minimally processed foods are recognized as the main sources of human Arcobacter infections in industrialized countries, data on Arcobacter excretion patterns in cows and in milk are scant. This study aimed to identify potentially pathogenic Arcobacter species in a dairy herd and to investigate the routes of Arcobacter transmission among animals and the potential sources of cattle infection and milk contamination. A strategy of sampling the same 50 dairy animals, feed, water, and milk every month for a 10-month period, as well as the sampling of quarter milk, animal teats, the milking environment, and animals living on the farm (pigeons and cats), was used to evaluate, by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), the characteristic patterns in animals, their living environment, and the raw milk they produced. Of the 463 samples collected, 105 (22.6%) were positive for Arcobacter spp. by culture examination. All the matrices except quarter milk and pigeon gut samples were positive, with prevalences ranging from 15 to 83% depending on the sample. Only three Arcobacter species, Arcobacter cryaerophilus (54.2%), A. butzleri (34.2%), and A. skirrowii (32.3%), were detected. PFGE analysis of 370 isolates from positive samples provided strong evidence of Arcobacter circulation in the herd: cattle likely acquire the microorganisms by orofecal transmission, either by direct contact or from the environment, or both. Water appears to be a major source of animal infection. Raw milk produced by the farm and collected from a bulk tank was frequently contaminated (80%) by A. butzleri; our PFGE findings excluded primary contamination of milk, whereas teats and milking machine surfaces could be sources of Arcobacter milk contamination.

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“…In multiple studies Arcobacter has been identified in bulk milk tanks, milking apparatus, animalwatering stations, animal feed, barn floors, cattle feces (Wesley et al, 2000;Yesilmen et al, 2014;Giacometti et al, 2015a) and inline filters in milking apparatus (Serraino et al, 2013a). Arcobacter has also been identified in water buffalo milk (Giacometti et al, 2015b) and sheep dairy operations (Scarano et al, 2014). High rates of isolation of Arcobacter in dairy operations may be of significant concern to people due to the increasing popularity of artisanal dairy products (milk/cheese) that utilize raw milk.…”

Section: Routes Of Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High rates of isolation of Arcobacter in dairy operations may be of significant concern to people due to the increasing popularity of artisanal dairy products (milk/cheese) that utilize raw milk. Arcobacter has been recovered from retail cheese (Scarano et al, 2014;Yesilmen et al, 2014) and raw milk (Revez et al, 2013;Yesilmen et al, 2014;Giacometti et al, 2015a), highlighting a direct linkage to human infection through consumption of contaminated foodstuffs.…”

Section: Routes Of Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arcobacter

Banting¹,

Salvat²

2019

Water and Sanitation for the 21st Century: Health and Microbiological Aspects of Excreta and Wastewater Management (Global Wate

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Arcobacter butzleri in Sheep Ricotta Cheese at Retail and Related Sources of Contamination in an Industrial Dairy Plant

Cited by 22 publications

References 36 publications

Arcobacter: an emerging food-borne zoonotic pathogen, its public health concerns and advances in diagnosis and control – a comprehensive review

Arcobacter: an emerging food-borne zoonotic pathogen, its public health concerns and advances in diagnosis and control – a comprehensive review

Arcobacter butzleri, Arcobacter cryaerophilus, and Arcobacter skirrowii Circulation in a Dairy Farm and Sources of Milk Contamination

Arcobacter

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