Exploring successful community pharmacist-physician collaborative working relationships using mixed methods

Snyder, Margie E.; Zillich, Alan J.; Primack, Brian A.; Rice, Kristen; McGivney, Melissa Somma; Pringle, Jan; Smith, Randall B.

doi:10.1016/j.sapharm.2009.11.008

Cited by 130 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Collaborative working relationships promote the provision of pharmacotherapy management services, disease state management and other patient care services (2). "Interprofessionality" is defined as the development of cohesive practice among professionals in different fields, which enables them to reflect upon and find ways of practising that provide an integrated answer to clients' and patients' needs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collaboration between pharmacists and general practitioners in the health care system in the Islamic Republic of Iran

Hashemian¹,

Emadi²,

Roohi³

2016

East Mediterr Health J

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Collaboration between pharmacists and general practitioners (GPs) has been shown to enhance patient care and outcomes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the collaborative working relationship between pharmacists and GPs in terms of their attitudes, role perceptions, experience with collaborative practice, preferred method of communication, areas of current and further collaboration, and perceived barriers to interprofessional collaboration in a sample of the Iranian population. We distributed 318 questionnaires to community pharmacists and GPs in Tehran. Both groups had a positive attitude towards collaboration; however, about half the respondents reported only occasional collaborative practice. Both groups preferred communication by telephone or face-toface communication by fax or letter. Few current areas of collaboration were identified; however, an area favoured by both groups was "decision-making for patients' pharmacotherapy". The two groups expressed concern about possible fragmentation of patient care with the involvement of multiple health care providers, and perceived lack of face-to-face communication as a possible barrier to collaboration. Les deux groupes étaient favorables à la collaboration, mais près de la moitié des participants ont rapporté n'entretenir des relations de collaboration que sur une base occasionnelle. Les deux groupes ont déclaré préférer une communication par téléphone ou en face à face que par fax ou courrier. Peu de domaines faisant l'objet d'une collaboration actuelle ont été identifiés. Cependant, les deux groupes avaient pour domaine de prédilection « la prise de décision concernant la pharmacothérapie des patients ». Les deux groupes se sont dit préoccupés par une possible fragmentation des soins dispensés aux patients du fait de l'apparition de multiples prestataires de soins de santé, et percevaient le manque de communication en face à face comme une barrière potentielle à la collaboration. ‫اإلسالمية‬

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collaboration between pharmacists and general practitioners in the health care system in the Islamic Republic of Iran

Hashemian¹,

Emadi²,

Roohi³

2016

East Mediterr Health J

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“…220 The Physician/Pharmacist Collaboration Index is an example of a tool assessing interactions between internists and pharmacists that has extensive reliability evidence, including factor analysis, internal consistency (Crohnbach alpha 0.70-0.90) and interrater reliability (ICC 0.89). 38,[164][165][166][167][168][169][170] This tool measures the pharmacist's view of collaboration among physicians and other health professionals in both inpatient and outpatient settings.Relationships between teamwork scores and other variables reflecting the construct of teamwork were reported for 25 (34 %) tools (Table 2). Studies varied widely with regard to the specific variables reported.…”

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confidence: 99%

Teamwork Assessment in Internal Medicine: A Systematic Review of Validity Evidence and Outcomes

et al. 2013

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OBJECTIVE: Valid teamwork assessment is imperative to determine physician competency and optimize patient outcomes. We systematically reviewed published instruments assessing teamwork in undergraduate, graduate, and continuing medical education in general internal medicine and all medical subspecialties. DATA SOURCES: We searched MEDLINE, MEDLINE In-process, CINAHL and PsycINFO from January 1979 through October 2012, references of included articles, and abstracts from four professional meetings. Two content experts were queried for additional studies. STUDY ELIGIBILITY: Included studies described quantitative tools measuring teamwork among medical students, residents, fellows, and practicing physicians on single or multi-professional (interprofessional) teams. STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS:Instrument validity and study quality were extracted using established frameworks with existing validity evidence. Two authors independently abstracted 30 % of articles and agreement was calculated. RESULTS: Of 12,922 citations, 178 articles describing 73 unique teamwork assessment tools met inclusion criteria. Interrater agreement was intraclass correlation coefficient 0.73 (95 % CI 0.63-0.81). Studies involved practicing physicians (142, 80 %), residents/fellows (70, 39 %), and medical students (11, 6 %). The majority (152, 85 %) assessed interprofessional teams. Studies were conducted in inpatient (77, 43 %), outpatient (42, 24 %), simulation (37, 21 %), and classroom (13, 7 %) settings. Validity evidence for the 73 tools included content (54, 74 %), internal structure (51, 70 %), relationships to other variables (25, 34 %), and response process (12, 16 %). Attitudes and opinions were the most frequently assessed outcomes. Relationships between teamwork scores and patient outcomes were directly examined for 13 (18 %) of tools. Scores from the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire and Team Climate Inventory have substantial validity evidence and have been associated with improved patient outcomes. LIMITATIONS: Review is limited to quantitative assessments of teamwork in internal medicine. CONCLUSIONS:There is strong validity evidence for several published tools assessing teamwork in internal medicine. However, few teamwork assessments have been directly linked to patient outcomes. 3,4 Recognizing this, the Institute of Medicine, the Joint Commission, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), and others have made teamwork a top priority in their recommendations for improving healthcare. [5][6][7][8][9] Teamwork is also prominently positioned within the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) requirements for maintenance of certification for internists, 10 as well as the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education's core competencies, 11 milestones, 12 and medical student competencies. 13 As such, every physician at the undergraduate, graduate, and continuing professional level must demonstrate competency in teamwork.While there is broad agreement on the imperative to improve teamwork, there is littl...

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“…Furthermore, it is noted in previous studies which indicate that consumers and GPs are willing to accept these extended services performed in community pharmacy settings as long as its performance can give benefit to the consumers [52,53]. Therefore, it is advisable for the universities to teach the pharmacy students about the latest clinical knowledge and skills which can help them to perform quality extended services in community pharmacy settings [52][53][54][55][56]. Such barriers that inhibit its performance must be noted for the future study to enhance their knowledge and skills [56][57][58].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Global Picture of Extended Pharmacy Services, Perceptions, and Barriers Toward Its Performance: A Systematic Review

Nordin

Hassali

Sarriff

2017

Asian J Pharm Clin Res

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Objective: The aims of this review were to observe extended services performed in the community pharmacy settings, perceptions among community pharmacists (CPs), general practitioners (GPs), and customers of these extended services and barriers toward its performance.Methods: A literature search was conducted, using Google Scholar as database, searching for full access texts. The inclusive texts fulfilled the inclusion criteria.Results: A total of 22 texts had been systematically reviewed, noting a wide range of extended services performed in community pharmacy settings. Medication counseling or review and promoting health educations were noted as the most extended services performed. It is also noted that CPs indicated that these extended services could establish working relationship with other health-care professionals. However, it is noted that among the barriers toward extended services were lack of knowledge, skills, and time to perform. Conclusion:As a conclusion, the community pharmacy practice is evolving, transforming into more patient-oriented even though there are some negative perceptions among the customers and GPs toward these extended services. Barriers to the performance of these extended services should be intervened.

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Exploring successful community pharmacist-physician collaborative working relationships using mixed methods

Cited by 130 publications

References 18 publications

Collaboration between pharmacists and general practitioners in the health care system in the Islamic Republic of Iran

Collaboration between pharmacists and general practitioners in the health care system in the Islamic Republic of Iran

Teamwork Assessment in Internal Medicine: A Systematic Review of Validity Evidence and Outcomes

A Global Picture of Extended Pharmacy Services, Perceptions, and Barriers Toward Its Performance: A Systematic Review

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