“…Instead, it is moved by student's expectancy of what they are obtaining from the program, the way they perceive the program, and as well as the valence of the program. findings are aligned with Ali et al, 2023;Anuar et al, 2023;Hashim et al, 2023;Sa'adan et al, 2023;Yusof et al, 2023;Zolkapli et al, 2023; whereby students highly value the expectancy, instrumentality, and valence of the program.…”