Exploratory factor analysis on occupational stress in context of Malaysian sewerage operations

Halim

et al. 2020

HSSR

Self Cite

Purpose of the study: Quality of work life (QWL) is vital for all establishments to continue to hire and retain high-performance workers. However, from the review of previous literature on QWL, little is known about the dimensions that constitute high QWL among academics. Therefore, this study aimed at contributing to the literature by conducting a detailed validation of seven dimensions of QWL through the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) procedure. Methodology: This study employed a cross-sectional research design to establish reliable measures for the QWL construct. The items were adapted and modified to suit this study. Study data was obtained using a structured questionnaire from 100 randomly selected academics from the five Malaysian research universities. The study further conducted the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) procedure using IBM-SPSS version 21.0. Main Findings: A total of 51 items were initially developed to measure QWL construct, however, from the EFA procedure, the study found that 8 items with factor loading below the cut-off point of .60 were deleted and 48 items with a factor loading above the cut-off point of .60 were retained and deemed suitable to measure the QWL construct. Applications of this study: This study validated the dimensions that lead to improved QWL. Therefore, this study is particularly useful to the Malaysian universities' management who aim to obtain benefits from super motivated and high-performance academics by making sure that the workers' overall well-being is protected in the workplace. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study established a validated and reliable instrument for measuring the QWL construct among academics in the Malaysian research universities.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Developing Items for Measuring Quality of Work Life Among Malaysian Academics: An Exploratory Factor Analysis Procedure

Ehido

Halim

et al. 2020

HSSR

Self Cite

“…Before collecting field study data, the instruments for measuring all constructs have undergone the stringent procedure of pretest and pilot test. The pre-testing was carried out to obtain the expert validation for content validity, face validity, and criterion validity (Bahkia et al, 2019;Rahlin et al, 2019). After that, the pilot study was carried out and the data was analyzed through Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) procedure to explore, filter, and determine the factorial structure of the items (Mahfouz et al, 2019;Shkeer & Awang, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

THE IMPACT OF EMPLOYEE SAFETY CLIMATE ON SAFETY BEHAVIOR IN SMALL & MEDIUM ENTERPRISES: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY

Rahlin

Rahim

et al. 2020

HSSR

Self Cite

Purpose of the study: The objective of this study is to examine the mediation effect of ESC on the relationship between climate constructs and intention to Safety in small and medium enterprises. Methodology: A structured self-administrative questionnaire was distributed to the employee of the small-medium enterprise in Peninsular Malaysia using simple random sampling. The Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) procedure were carried out to filter the items and validate the constructs in the study. The study tested the proposed hypotheses using the second-generation method of multivariate analysis Structural Equation Modelling (SEM. Furthermore, the results were confirmed through the bootstrapping procedure. All analysis of this study was conducted using IBM-SPSS-AMOS version 24.0. Main Findings: All items retained from EFA results were rearranged for the field study questionnaire. The CFA results indicated that the absolute fit index (RMSEA= 0.071) CFI = 0.975, TLC = 0.964, chisq/df = 2.431 achieved the requirement level. The results of this present study revealed that employee safety climate mediated the relationship between WO, IWE, and intention to safety behavior. Additionally, results indicated that ESC is the most prominent factor of intention to safety behavior. Applications of this study: The results from this study contribute to the improvement of proactive safety performance measures in small-medium enterprises, but further efforts are required for achieving an excellent safety performance level. Novelty/Originality of this study: The present study adds to the literature of safety performance and provides direction for future research work in this area. Additionally, the results of this present study mark an important step towards standardizing the measurement of safety climate in small and medium industries.

“…The EFA procedure would compute factor loading for every item, which indicates the usefulness in measuring the construct, as well as determine the dimensionality of items. The minimum acceptable value for factor loading is 0.60 (Bahkia et al, 2019). The EFA procedure also determines the Total Variance Explained for the construct.…”

Section: Efa and Cfa Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing and Validating the Measurement Model for Financial Literacy Construct Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis

Baistaman

Afthanorhan

et al. 2020

HSSR

Self Cite

Purpose of the study: This study aims to develop and validate the instruments measuring financial Literacy construct. Methodology: The pilot study randomly sampled some 100 school-teachers using a self-administered questionnaire. The Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) procedure has explored the usefulness of measuring items and determined the dimensionality of the construct. Finally, using the newly developed instruments, the field study obtained a random sample of 300 school-teachers to survey using a self-administered questionnaire. The data from the field were used to validate the instruments through the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) procedure. Main Findings: The EFA procedure found three components that emerged from the items. The CFA procedure validated the instruments measuring Financial Literacy construct for uni-dimensionality, validity, and reliability. Applications of this study: The result showed that the measurement model of the Financial Literacy construct achieved the requirement for construct validity and reliability and should be able to be used in the future of research. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study produced instruments to assess Financial Literacy performance specifically among school teachers in Malaysia. School teachers consist of the highest number of employees in the country besides their nature of works and job characteristics differ from another group of employees.