“…It remains in question whether semantic gist or associative representation is more fundamental to memory illusions (e.g., Brainerd, Yang, Reyna, Howe, & Mills, 2008;Cann, McRae, & Katz, 2011;Huff & Hutchison, 2011;Hutchison & Balota, 2005;Roediger et al, 2001). If age-related recognition errors depend on whether the relation between the studied item set and the lure is predominantly semantic or only associative, this would support the idea that multiple kinds of relation contribute (Carneiro, Garcia-Marques, Lapa, & Fernandez, 2017;Coane, McBride, Termonen, & Cutting, 2015;Montefinese, Zannino, & Ambrosini, 2014), contrary to Activation Monitoring Theory's fully associative account. However, such a result would suggest that the idea of semantic gist in memory requires additional specification (Brainerd et al, 2008).…”