Experiments and CFD Analyses for a New Reaction Microhydro Propeller with Five Blades

Ramos, Helena M.; Simão, Mariana; Borga, Alexandre

doi:10.1061/(asce)ey.1943-7897.0000096

Cited by 31 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Developed at Instituto Superior Técnico (University of Lisbon), the turbine design was optimized via numerical simulation using a Navier-Stokes solver, the (Ramos et al 2009;Ramos et al 2012;Ramos et al 2013a). In the current work the performance curves obtained by CFD and presented in Ramos et al (2013b) were applied.…”

Section: Case Study Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulated Annealing in Optimization of Energy Production in a Water Supply Network

Samora

Franca

Schleiss

et al. 2016

Water Resour Manage

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In water supply systems, the potential exists for micro-hydropower that uses the pressure excess in the networks to produce electricity. However, because urban drinking water networks are complex systems in which flows and pressure vary constantly, identification of the ideal locations for turbines is not straightforward, and assessment implies the need for simulation. In this paper, an optimization algorithm is proposed to provide a selection of optimal locations for the installation of a given number of turbines in a distribution network. A simulated annealing process was developed to optimize the location of the turbines by taking into account the hourly variation of flows throughout an average year and the consequent impact of this variation on the turbine efficiency. The optimization is achieved by considering the characteristic and efficiency curves of a turbine model for different impeller diameters as well as simulations of the annual energy production in a coupled hydraulic model. The developed algorithm was applied to the water supply system of the city Lausanne (Switzerland). This work focuses on the definition of the neighborhood of the simulated annealing process and the analysis of convergence towards the optimal solution for different restrictions and numbers of installed turbines.Water Resour Manage

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Section: Case Study Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulated Annealing in Optimization of Energy Production in a Water Supply Network

Samora

Franca

Schleiss

et al. 2016

Water Resour Manage

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“…Research into turbine selection, design, analysis, operation and performance (4) has led to approaches for direct measurement, monitoring, numerical simulation, and optimization of the turbine efficiency (Gibson, 1923;Troskolanski, 1960;IEC, 1991;Khosrowpanah et al, 1988;Desai and Aziz, 1994;Williams, 1994;Ye et al, 1995;Parker, 1996;Zheng, 1997;Olgun, 1998;Ye et al, 2000;Liu, 2000;Adamkowski et al, 2006;Ye-xiang et al, 2007;Wallace and Whittington, 2008;Derakhshan and Nourbakhs, 2008;Singh and Nestmann, 2009;Alexander et al, 2009;Yassi and Hashemloo, 2010;Akinori et al, 2010;Anagnostopoulos and Dimitris, 2012;Shimokawa et al, 2012;Ramos et al, 2013;Bozorgi et al, 2013;Khurana et al, 2013;Williamson et al, 2013;Laghari et al, 2013;Pimnapat et al, 2013;Cobb and Sharp, 2013;Williamson et al, 2014;Yaakob et al, 2014;Elbatran et al, 2015) The pressure-time method (Gibson, 1923;Troskolanski, 1960;IEC, 1991;Adamkowski et al, 2006) is one of the few methods available to measure accurately the absolute water flow rate, a key variable that determines the turbine efficiency. This requires installation of several pressure sensors at selected sections of the turbine penstock.…”

Section: Introduction and Scopementioning

confidence: 99%

A toolbox for the optimal design of run-of-river hydropower plants

Yildiz

Vrugt

2019

Environmental Modelling & Software

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A R T I C L E I N F O Keywords:Run-of-river (RoR) hydropower plant Impulse and reaction turbines Differential evolution (DE) Net present value (NPV) Capital and investment costs Flow duration curve (FDC) A B S T R A C THydroelectric power is a relatively cheap, reliable, sustainable, and renewable source of energy that can be generated without toxic waste and considerably lower emissions of greenhouse gases than fossil fuel energy plants. Conventional hydroelectric plants produce energy by the controlled release of dammed reservoir water to one or more turbines via a penstock. The kinetic energy of the falling water produces a rotational motion of the turbine shaft and this mechanical energy is converted into electricity via a power generator. Dam-based plants are among the largest and most flexible power producing facilities in the world, yet their construction and operation is costly and can damage and disrupt upstream and downstream ecosystems and have catastrophic effects on downriver settlements and infrastructure. Run-of-the-river (RoR) hydroelectric stations are an attractive and environmentally friendly alternative to dam-based facilities. These plants divert water from a flowing river to a turbine and do not require the formation of a reservoir. Despite their minimal impact on the surrounding environment and communities, the potential of RoR plants has not been fully explored and exploited. For example, in the United States it is estimated that RoR plants could annually produce 60, 000 MW, or about 13% of the total electricity consumption in 2016. Here, we introduce a numerical model, called HYdroPowER or HYPER, which uses a daily time step to simulate the technical performance, energy production, maintenance and operational costs, and economic profit of a RoR plant in response to a suite of different design and construction variables and record of river flows. The model is coded in MATLAB and includes a built-in evolutionary algorithm that enables the user to maximize the RoR plant's power production or net economic profit by optimizing (among others) the penstock diameter, and the type (Kaplan, Francis, Pelton and Crossflow) design flow, and configuration (single/parallel) of the turbine system. Unlike other published models, this module of HYPER carefully considers each turbine's design flow, admissible suction head, specific and rotational speed in evaluating the technical performance, cost and economic profit of a RoR plant. Two case studies illustrate the power and practical applicability of HYPER. Some of their results confirm earlier literature findings, that (I) the optimum capacity and design flow of a RoR plant is controlled by the river's flow duration curve, (II) a highly variable turbine inflow compromises energy production, and (III) a side-by-side dual turbine system enhances considerably the range of workable flows, operational flexibility and energy production of a RoR plant. HYPER includes a GUI and is available upon request from the authors.(fossil fuels) has profoundly negative healt...

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“…Conversely, the transient discharge tends to increase for turbines with high specific speed [6,35,[44][45][46][47][48][49]. The flow across a runner is characterized by three types of velocities: absolute velocity of the water (V) with the direction imposed by the guide vane blade, relative velocity (W) through the runner and tangential velocity (C) of the runner.…”

Section: Runaway Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PATs Operating in Water Networks under Unsteady Flow Conditions: Control Valve Manoeuvre and Overspeed Effect

Sánchez

Jiménez

Ramos

2018

Water

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Abstract:The knowledge of transient conditions in water pressurized networks equipped with pump as turbines (PATs) is of the utmost importance and necessary for the design and correct implementation of these new renewable solutions. This research characterizes the water hammer phenomenon in the design of PAT systems, emphasizing the transient events that can occur during a normal operation. This is based on project concerns towards a stable and efficient operation associated with the normal dynamic behaviour of flow control valve closure or by the induced overspeed effect. Basic concepts of mathematical modelling, characterization of control valve behaviour, damping effects in the wave propagation and runaway conditions of PATs are currently related to an inadequate design. The precise evaluation of basic operating rules depends upon the system and component type, as well as the required safety level during each operation.

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Experiments and CFD Analyses for a New Reaction Microhydro Propeller with Five Blades

Cited by 31 publications

References 3 publications

Simulated Annealing in Optimization of Energy Production in a Water Supply Network

Simulated Annealing in Optimization of Energy Production in a Water Supply Network

A toolbox for the optimal design of run-of-river hydropower plants

PATs Operating in Water Networks under Unsteady Flow Conditions: Control Valve Manoeuvre and Overspeed Effect

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